红土镍矿运输船倾覆的机理研究  

An Investigation into the Capsizing of Ships for the Carriage of Clay Lateritic Nickel Ore

作　　者：邹友家[1] 沈淳[1] 奚祥英[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海海事大学商船学院 [2]武汉理工大学管理学院

出　　处：《航海技术》2012年第2期32-35,共4页Marine Technology

摘　　要：红土镍矿是一种非常特殊的矿物质,在运输过程中,如果船舶遭遇风浪,或船舶本身长时间的振动,都会导致该矿石的表面液化。液化后的混合液体具有较强粘性,可以形成自由液面。为分析、解释运输该种货物船舶发生倾覆沉没的原因,此文采用数学建模的方法,对运输红土镍矿的船舶进行了模拟计算。得出的初步结论是粘性流体在舱内的运动与船舶的摇摆运动存在一个相位滞后关系,当船舶的横摇周期有利于相位滞后一个适当的位置时,粘性流体就无法返回到原来的位置,而是在船舶一侧继续堆积,形成越来越大的外力矩,使船舶最终倾覆沉没。Clay lateritic nickel ore is characterized of liquefaction on the surface under the influence of wave or vibrations. The blending liquid after liquefied is highly viscous and can create free surface. However, the existing methods based on the calculation of GM values fail in explaining the capsizing of the carriers during transportation. Here we take advantage of mathematical modeling to make a thorough analysis to the mechanisms of sinking. The conclusion has been made after initial investigation that the phases of the viscous mixture lag the rolling movements of the ships, and lead to the lateral piling up of the liquefied ore. The increasingly external moments finally result in the capsizing.

关 键 词：红土镍矿 液化 粘性液体 相位滞后 倾覆沉没 

分 类 号：U695.2[交通运输工程—港口、海岸及近海工程]