现代大跨空间结构在中国的应用与发展  

Application and development of modern long-span space structures in China

作　　者：董石麟[1] 邢栋[1,2] 赵阳[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学空间结构研究中心,浙江杭州310027 [2]广东省建筑设计研究院,广东广州510010

出　　处：《空间结构》2012年第1期3-16,共14页Spatial Structures

摘　　要：现代大跨空间结构大致是在二十世纪七、八十年代左右,基于采用轻质高强的膜材、钢索、钢棒,应用新技术而发展起来的轻盈、高效的结构体系,诸如气承式充气膜结构、索膜结构、索桁结构、张弦梁结构、弦支网壳结构、索穹顶结构、索穹顶—网壳组合结构、张弦气肋梁结构等.另一方面,对于二十世纪中叶获得大量应用的近代空间结构,如薄壳结构、网架结构、网壳结构、一般悬索结构等,通过采用多种结构形式和建筑材料的组合、预应力技术、结构概念和形体的创新,从而提出并得到工程实践应用的新颖空间结构体系也可认为是现代空间结构,诸如组合网架结构、空腹网架(壳)结构、多面体空间刚架结构、局部双层网壳结构、斜拉网架(壳)结构、树状结构、预应力装配弓式结构等.本文按空间结构单元组成分类为序,分别对现代刚性空间结构、现代柔性空间结构、现代刚柔性组合空间结构的特点及在中国的应用与发展作了综述.Modern long-span space structures,developed from 1970s and 1980s,are light and effective structures on the basis of new technologies and light-weight high-strength materials such as membranes and steel cables.These structures include air-supported membrane structures,cable-membrane structures,cable truss structures,beam string structures,suspend-domes,cable domes,composite structures of cable dome and single-layer lattice shell,tensairity structures and so on.On the other hand,for premodern space structures widely used from the mid-twentieth century（such as thin shells,space trusses,lattice shells and ordinary cable structures）,new space structures developed by the combination of different structural forms and materials,the application of prestressing technology and the innovation of structural concepts and configurations also belong to modern space structures.These structures include composite space trusses,open-web grid structures,polyhedron space frame structures,partial double-layer lattice shells,cable-stayed grid structures,tree-type structures,prestressed segmental steel structures and so on.This paper provides a review of the structural characteristics and practical applications in China of modern rigid space structures,modern flexible space structures and modern rigid-flexible combined space structures.

关 键 词：现代大跨空间结构 刚性空间结构 柔性空间结构 刚柔性组合空间结构 应用和发展 

分 类 号：TU393.3[建筑科学—结构工程]