秦汉“家人”之辨析  

An Analysis of "Family Members" in Chin and Han Dynasties

作　　者：文霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东第二师范学院政法系,广东广州510303

出　　处：《石家庄学院学报》2012年第2期26-29,43,共5页Journal of Shijiazhuang University

基　　金：2010年广东省教育厅育苗工程项目"秦汉奴婢的逃亡犯罪研究"(WYM10016);广东第二师范学院2010年博士科研专项经费项目"秦汉奴婢的法律地位研究"(10ARF10)

摘　　要：秦汉"家人"有三种含义:一指同居或同宗的亲人,一指家丁和奴婢等附属成员,一指庶人。秦汉"家人"的复杂含义与家的规模变化及秦汉社会政治制度的特点有关。秦汉社会去古未远,家丁奴婢等附属成员居住在家内,也属于家人。秦及西汉时期,析居现象普遍,核心家庭及二十等爵制的实行,普通庶民都有个人姓氏,可以建立家庭",家人"即居家之人,表示庶人之义。从东汉时期开始,随着人身依附关系的发展及联合大家庭的增多,"家人"范围进一步缩小,多用来指同居或同宗的亲人。There were three meanings about the “family members” in the Chin and Han dynasties：one was the relatives who lived together or in the same clan;another was the retainers,servants and other additional members to the family;the third was the common people. The complicated meanings of the “family members” were related with the family’s structure and the political and social system in the Chin and Han dynasties. In the Chin and Han dynasties,the retainers,servants and other additional members were looked upon as “family members”;the common people could have their own surnames and their families. Since the Eastern Han Dynasty,with the development of personal bondage relationship and the increase of the joint family,the scope of “family members” was narrowed and they only referred to the relatives who lived together or in the same clan.

关 键 词：秦汉 家人 亲人 庶人 奴婢 

分 类 号：K232[历史地理—历史学]