柑橘蓟马种类和种群季节动态  

Species and Seasonal Population Fluctuation of Thrips on Citrus

作　　者：徐淑娟[1,2] 张宏瑞[1,3] 谢永辉[1,3] 赵勇[2] 李正跃[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学植物保护学院,云南昆明650201 [2]云南省建水县园艺站,云南建水654300 [3]云南农业大学,教育部农业生物多样性与病虫害控制重点实验室,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2012年第2期170-175,182,共7页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：农业部公益性行业科研专项项目(200803025,201103026);云南省自然基金面上项目(2007C054M)

摘　　要：2010年1～12月对建水县柑橘蓟马种类及种群季节动态进行了系统调查。结果表明,危害柑橘的蓟马有11种,西花蓟马(Frankliniella occidentalis)、花蓟马(F.intonsa)、茶黄硬蓟马(Scirtothrips dorsalis)、黄胸蓟马(Thrips hawaiiensis)、八节黄蓟马(T.flavidulus)、棕榈蓟马(T.palmi)、杜鹃蓟马(T.andrewsi)、端大蓟马(Megalurothrips distalis)、普通大蓟马(M.usitatus)、褐三鬃蓟马(Lefroyothrips lefroyi)、华简管蓟马(Haplothrips chinensis)。不同柑橘品种上蓟马种类稍有不同,其中普通大蓟马(M.usitatus)仅在脐橙采集到,而花蓟马仅在椪柑上采集到。西花蓟马(F.occidentalis)是脐橙和椪柑的共有优势种种类,采集量分别占46.28%和48.46%,主要危害的种类还有黄胸蓟马(T.hawaiiensis)、杜鹃蓟马(T.andrewsi)和棕榈蓟马(T.palmi)。在椪柑发现一种捕食性蓟马长角蓟马属(Franklinothrips sp.)。文中提供了上述12种蓟马成虫的分类检索表。柑橘蓟马雌雄虫均有发生,而且雌虫明显多于雄虫,脐橙和椪柑各蓟马种类的雌雄虫数量变动情况不同。种群数量季节动态调查结果显示,脐橙蓟马数量明显多于椪柑的蓟马数量,蓟马种群出现两次高峰期,3～4月花期和幼果期及9～10月秋梢抽发期。Weekly survey on diversity and seasonly fluctuation of thrips species were conducted from January to December in 2010 in Jianshui County on the navel orange and ponkan mandarin orange.11 phytophagous thrips species were identified,they were Frankliniella occidentalis,F.intonsa,Scirtothrips dorsalis,Thrips hawaiiensis,T.flavidulus,T.palmi,T.andrewsi,Megalurothrips distalis,M.usitatus,Lefroyothrips lefroyi and Haplothrips chinensis.Thrips species was a little different,that M.usitatus was only collected on the navel orange while F.intonsa only on ponkan mandarin orange.F.occidentalis was the dominant species on the navel orange and ponkan mandarin orange,which occupies 46.28% and 48.46% respectively.Other mainly damaged thrips were T.hawaiiensis,T.palmi and T.andrewsi.A predatory species,Franklinothrips sp.was only found on ponkan mandarin orange.Key was compiled for identifying the adults of these 12 species.Female and male adults were found on the citrus,and number of female is more than male.Variation of number of female and male adults of different thrips species on citrus was different.Seasonal fluctuation indicates that,number of thrips adults on the navel orange was more significant than that on ponkan mandarin orange.Thrips occurs all seasons of a year,and population of thrips reached fastigium range from March to April,when the flowers and young fruits were abundant,another fastigium was September to October,when the young shoots were abundant in Autumn.

关 键 词：蓟马 种类 检索表 季节种群动态 

分 类 号：S436.661.29[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]