不同小麦秸秆覆盖量对不同植烟土壤理化性状的影响  

Effects of Different Wheat Straw Mulching Amount on Physical-chemical Properties in Different Tobacco Planting Soil

作　　者：查永丽[1] 林云红 李军 刘彦中[3] 毛昆明[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学资源与环境学院,云南昆明650201 [2]红塔烟草(集团)楚雄卷烟厂,云南楚雄675000 [3]云南农业大学烟草学院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2012年第2期215-221,共7页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

摘　　要：通过田间小区试验研究了不同小麦秸秆的覆盖量(无秸秆覆盖为对照,覆盖量为250,500,750 kg/667m2为3个处理)对不同植烟土壤理化性状的影响。结果表明:地烟覆盖量为750,500 kg/667m2的处理在各个生育期土壤含水量分别显著高于对照20.97%,36.63%,11.25%,18.07%及4.35%,9.15%,4.56%,15.46%(P<0.05),田烟仅在覆盖量为750 kg/667 m2时在各个生育期分别显著高于对照4.88%,16.60%,9.01%,11.48%(P<0.05)。采收后,覆盖量为750 kg/667 m2时,地烟的土壤容重显著低于对照5.72%(P<0.05);田烟的土壤pH值显著低于对照11.39%(P<0.05)。采收后秸秆覆盖处理的地烟土壤pH分别显著低于对照3.08%,5.64%,7.86%(P<0.05);田烟的土壤容重分别显著低于对照2.84%,4.43%,6.19%(P<0.05)。覆盖量为750 kg/667 m2时,地烟的土壤碱解氮和速效钾含量,田烟的速效钾含量在多数生育期显著高于对照(P<0.05);覆盖量为500/667 m2时,地烟的速效磷,田烟的碱解氮和速效磷含量在在多数生育期显著高于对照(P<0.05)。总体来看,不同小麦秸秆覆盖量对地烟和田烟土壤理化性状的影响均存在相同点和差异,覆盖量为500 kg/667 m2的处理对土壤理化性质的协调性最好。Field experiment was conducted to study the effects of different mulching amount of wheat（without mulching as contrast,the mulching amount of 250,500,750 kg/667 m2 as three treatments） on physical-chemical properties in different tobacco planting soil.Result showed that Soil moisture in treatments with 750,500 kg/667 m2 of mulching amount were respectively higher 20.97%,36.63%,11.25%,18.07%and 4.35%,9.15%,4.56%,15.46 than contrast at all of growth periods in the dry field（P0.05）,and higher than 4.88%,16.60%,9.01%,11.48% in the paddy with 750 kg/667 m2 of mulching amount（P0.05）.Soil bulk density was lower 5.72% in the dry field and pH was lower 11.39% in the paddy significantly than contrast in treatment with 750 kg/667 m2 of mulching amount after harvesting（P0.05）.Soil pH with mulching were respectively and significantly lower 3.08%,5.64% and 7.86% than contrast in the dry field after harvesting,and soil bulk density were lower 2.84%,4.43% and 6.19% in the paddy too（P0.05）.When the amount of mulching was 750 kg/667 m2,soil alkali-hydrolysable nitrogen and available potassium in the dry field,soil available potassium in the paddy were significantly higher than without mulching at most of growth periods.And soil available phosphorus in the dry field,soil alkali-hydrolysable nitrogen and available phosphorus in the paddy with 500 kg/667 m2 of mulching amount were significantly higher than contrast at most of growth periods too（P0.05）.Overall,there were identity and difference in the effects of different wheat straw mulching amount of straw on soil physical-chemical properties in the dry field and paddy.The coordination of soil＇ physical-chemical properties were best when the mulching amount was 500 kg/667 m2.

关 键 词：小麦秸秆覆盖 覆盖量 植烟土壤理化性状 

分 类 号：S158.3[农业科学—土壤学]