土默川平原土壤盐渍化与盐生植物分布及盐分离子特征的研究  

Soil salinization,halophyte distribution and salt-ion properties in the area around Hasuhai of Tumochuan plain

作　　者：胡文杰[1] 李跃进[1] 刘洪波[1,2] 张昊[1] 蒙荣[1] 芦永兴[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学生态环境学院,呼和浩特010019 [2]内蒙古赤峰市烟草公司,赤峰024001

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2012年第4期127-131,共5页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40861011)资助

摘　　要：以土默川平原哈素海周边为研究区域,以盐渍化土壤与盐生植物为研究对象,采用野外调查与室内分析相结合的方法。对该区域土壤盐渍化与盐生植物分布及盐分离子特征进行了研究,得出以下结论:碱蒿可在ESP 11.75%、pH 9.45、土壤全盐量3.94g/kg处形成占较大优势的盐生植物。苔草可在ESP 16.79%、pH9.75、中度-重度盐渍化土壤、全盐量3.32g/kg～4.88g/kg形成占较大优势的分布。羊草可在ESP 12.63%、pH 9.70的土壤上形成优势分布。碱蓬可在ESP 10.75%、pH 9.83土壤上形成优势分布。獐茅是一种可在强碱化土壤生长的植物,能在苏打氯化物-硫酸盐盐土,含盐量8.39g/kg、ESP 24.34%、pH 9.80土壤上成为唯一优势植物。土壤和盐生植物中盐分离子比例特征是:钙为植物>土壤,硫酸根、镁为植物<土壤;苔草的盐分离子为拒"镁、硫酸根"特征;羊草的盐分离子为"喜碳酸氢根,拒氯"特征;碱蒿的盐分离子为"拒镁"特征;碱蓬的盐分离子是"喜氯"特征;獐茅的盐分离子是"喜氯、拒碳酸氢根"特征。Using the .method of field investigation combined lab analysis, we investigated soil salinization, halo-phyte distribution and salt ion properties at Hasuhai in Tumochuan plain. Results are as follows： Artemisia aneth- ifolia grows in a soil condition of 11.75 % of exchangeable sodium percentage （ESP） , pH value 9.45 and soilsalt content 3.94g/kg. Carex tristachya distributes in the soil conditions of moderate to severe salinization, 16. 79% in ESP, 9.75 in pH value and 3.32 - 4.88 g/kg in soil salt content. In ESP 12.63%, pH 9.70 soil con-dition, the Leymus chinensis - based distribution is formed. Under ESP 10.75% and pH 9.83 soil condition, the Suaeda glauca - based distribution is formed. Aeluropus sinensis can grow in the severe salinization and alkaliza- tion soil. In the soda chloride - sulfate saline soil, soil salt content 8.39 g/kg, ESP 24.34%, and pH 9.80,the Aeluropus sinensis -based distribution is formed. And it is the only dominant plant. The rank of salt toler- ance is Aeluropus sinensis 〉 Carex tristachya 〉 Suaeda glauca 〉 Artemisia anethifolia 〉 Leymus chinensis. The pro-portion of salt content in soil and plant is plant 〉 soil for calcium, plant 〈 soil for sulfate and magnesium ; Sedgeis the type of resisting magnesium and sulfate; Leymus chinens is the type of favoring bicarbonate and resistingchloride ion ; Artemisia anethifolia is the type of resisting magnesium ; Suaeda glauca is the type of favoring chlo-ride; Aeluropus sinensis is the type of favoring chloride and resisting bicarbonate.

关 键 词：土默川平原 土壤盐渍化 盐生植物分布 盐分离子 

分 类 号：S151.9[农业科学—土壤学]