危重病人短期导管相关感染的原因分析与对策  

Analysis the reasons of catheter related infection in short-term of severe patients and its countermeasures

作　　者：刘春霞[1] 侯改英[2] 张玉英[2] 马杏云[2] 侯胜芳[2] 

机构地区：[1]河北省人民医院心血管内五科CCU,050051 [2]河北省人民医院重症医学科ICU,050051

出　　处：《护理实践与研究》2012年第6期16-18,共3页Nursing Practice and Research

摘　　要：目的:探讨与危重病人短期中心静脉插管感染发生相关的主要因素,有针对性的采取相应对策。方法:回顾分析2008年4月～2011年4月我院ICU和CCU短期中心静脉插管相关性感染(SCRS)发生的原因及情况。结果:中心静脉插管800根,43根(5.38%)发生中心静脉导管相关血行感染(CRBSI);9根(1.13%)出现导管定植;15根(1.88%)发生插管部位感染。SCRS多发生于插管后第2～7 d,且与病人的APACHEⅡ评分高,采用双腔静脉导管,置管位置在股静脉,置管时反复穿刺,应用静脉营养药物,合并白细胞降低、糖尿病,合用激素等因素相关。结论:危重病人免疫力低下,住院时间长,治疗操作多,导管使用频率高,存在其他感染灶等,是发生SCRS的主要原因,采取综合措施是预防导管相关感染的有效手段。Objective：To evaluate the mostly factorsof the incidence of short - term catheter related sepsis（SCRS）. Methods：Reviewed with the causes and incidence of SCRS in ICU and CCU from Apr. 2008 to Apr. 2011. Results ：43 central venous catheters（CVCs） of 800 CVCs （5.38%） had definite cathe- ter - related blood stream infection,9 CVCs （ 1.13% ） had definite catheter planting,15CVCs（ 1, 88% ） had definite intubated site infection. Those septic events mostly occurred in about 2 - 7 days after placement. SCRS related closely with APACHE II ,using double cavity catheter,puncturing in femoral vein, repeating puncture, using parentcral nutrition, complicating with lower white blood cell, diabetic urine, using hormone etc. Conclusions： Danger and severe patients are hypoimmunity, long staying in hospital, much more therapies and operations being carried on,the highly utilization frequency of catheter, other focus of infection existing are the main causes of SCRS. Synthetic measures are effective on preventing from SCRS.

关 键 词：危重病人 短期导管相关感染 分析 

分 类 号：R472[医药卫生—护理学]