高压喷雾射流雾化及水雾捕尘机理的拓展理论分析  

Extended theoretical analysis of jet and atomization under high-pressure spraying and collecting dust mechanism of droplet

作　　者：周刚[1,2] 程卫民[1,2] 聂文[1] 王刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东科技大学资源与环境工程学院,山东青岛266590 [2]山东科技大学矿山灾害预防控制教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266590

出　　处：《重庆大学学报（自然科学版）》2012年第3期121-126,共6页Journal of Chongqing University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51074100);山东省自然科学基金资助项目(ZR2010EM016;ZR2011EEQ009);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(博导类)资助项目(20113718110005);山东科技大学科研创新团队支持计划资助项目(2010KYTD106)

摘　　要：通过对射流扰动控制方程、射流色散方程解算结果的分析,基于两相流的喷雾概念模型,引入了空穴、湍流和空气动力共同作用的雾化模型。认为高压喷雾时,喷嘴内部形成的空穴和湍流作用主导喷嘴出口附近的一次雾化,而空气动力则控制着此后的二次雾化过程。提出以临界韦伯数作为射流是否发生二次雾化的判据。根据对液滴破碎方式的分析,认为液流完全分裂成雾滴的射流临界初速度为60m/s,且射流破碎一般发生在一次雾化中,薄膜破碎一般发生在二次雾化中。基于液滴对尘粒的主动碰撞理论,对典型喷雾降尘机理进行了改进,认为当含尘气体处于非饱和状态且温度高于液体温度时,捕集率与液滴粒径间存在一个最佳组合;在相同的液气比,相同的液滴喷入时,降低气流速度有利于微细液滴对细小尘粒的捕集。The atomization model about interaction of cavitation,turbulence and aerodynamics is put forward through the analysis about the control equation of jet disturbance,the computed result of the dispersive jet equation,according to the conceptual model of spray based on two-phase flow.The action of cavitation and turbulence formed inside nozzle are thought to lead to the first atomization near the nozzle exit,while the aerodynamic effect controls the following second atomization process.And the critical Weber number is taken as the judgment index for occurring of the second atomization or not.The critical velocity for liquid splitting into droplets is 60 m/s according to the analysis of break mode about liquid drop,furthermore,jet fragmentation and film fragmentation occurs in the first and second atomization respectively.The typical mechanism of dust capture by water-cloud is improved through the active collision theory of droplet to dust particle.It is considered that an optimal relationship exists between collection rate and droplet size when gas containing dust is unsaturated and its temperature is higher than that of liquid,moreover,low fluid velocity can be propitious to the collection of tenuous droplet to exiguous dust on the basis of the same liquid-gas ratio and the same quantity of droplets.

关 键 词：射流扰动控制方程 两相流喷雾概念模型 临界韦伯数 射流临界初速度 主动碰撞理论 

分 类 号：TD714.4[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]