Research on Critical Flow of Water under Supercritical Pressures in Nozzles  

作　　者：Yuzhou Chen Minfu Zhao Chunsheng Yang Keming Bi Kaiwen Du Shuming Zhang 

机构地区：[1]China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, China

出　　处：《Journal of Energy and Power Engineering》2012年第2期201-208,共8页能源与动力工程（美国大卫英文）

摘　　要：An experiment on critical flow of water was conducted in two nozzles of 1.41 mm in diameter and 4.35 mm in length with rounded-edge and sharp-edge respectively, covering the ranges of inlet pressure of 22.1-29.1 MPa and inlet temperature of 38-474 ℃. More than 200 data points were obtained and the characteristics and parametric trends were investigated. In the region of near and beyond pseudo-critical temperature the thermal-equilibrium is dominant, and the flow rate can be estimated by the modified homogeneous equilibrium model. In the below pseudo-critical region the results exhibit scattered feature as a result of hysteresis effect in the onset of vaporization, characterizing a bifurcation behavior. This effect is more significant in the nozzle with sharp-edge, especially at higher pressure. For temperature well below the pseudo-critical point, the flow is not at critical condition and the flow rate can be represented by the Bernoulli equation reasonably.

关 键 词：Critical flow CHOKING NOZZLE supercritical pressure THERMAL-EQUILIBRIUM reactor safety. 

分 类 号：O661.1[理学—分析化学] TK229.54[理学—化学]