大科学计划与当代技术创新范式的转换  

Big Science and the Contemporary Paradigm Shift of Technology Innovation

作　　者：许为民[1] 崔政[1] 张立[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学科学技术与社会研究中心

出　　处：《科学与社会》2012年第1期90-98,共9页Science and Society

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金;浙江大学学位与研究生教育研究课题资助

摘　　要：2003年,美国学者切萨布鲁夫提出著名的"开放式创新"概念。他借用科学哲学中"范式转换"的概念,阐述了当代技术创新正在发生的新变化。以科学历史主义的视角考察这一范式转换过程,我们可以发现:大科学计划的实施对工业技术创新有着至关重要的影响,它改变了工业技术创新过程中工业技术知识的生产、分布、传播和市场化等各个重要环节,改变了大学的形态,推动了由封闭式创新到开放式创新的范式转变。In 2003, American scholar Chesbrough made his famous concept of open innovation. He borrowed the concept of paradigm shift from scientific philosophy to describe the contemporary paradigm shift of technological innovation. However, he did not explain how the shift happened. By using the perspective of scientific historicism to examine the paradigm shift of open innovation, we can find that the implementation of big scientific programs has decisive influence on the industrial technology innovation. It has changed all the process of industrial innovation, such as the technical knowledge of production, distribution, dissemination, market and other important aspects, and eventually led to the development from closed innovation to open innovation.

关 键 词：创新范式转换 开放式创新 大科学计划 

分 类 号：G311[文化科学] F113.2[经济管理—国际贸易]