补铬对高温环境下猪的铬代谢、生理生化反应和生产性能的影响  

EFFECTS OF SUPPLEMENTAL CHROMIUM ON CHROMIUM METABOLISM,PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL RESPONSES AND PERFORMANCE IN PIGS EXPOSED TO HEAT EXPOSURE

作　　者：张敏红[1] 张卫红[1] 杜荣[1] 王丹莉[1] 张子仪[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院畜牧研究所,北京100094

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》2000年第1期1-8,共8页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

基　　金：国家自然科学基金!(39470 52 2 )

摘　　要：根据窝别、体重将16头阉公猪随机分成对照组和补铬组,每组8头,试猪个体饲养在猪舍(25～34℃)的包塑代谢笼中,补铬组日粮补加铬300μg/kg饲粮(以吡啶羧酸铬形式),研究补铬对高温环境中猪的铬代谢、生理生化反应和生产性能的影响,得出:1对照组猪的血浆铬含量随着高温时间的延长而不断下降(P<001),尿铬排出量与高温时间之间呈“先高后低”关系,即在短期内,高温增加尿铬排出量(P<005),随着高温处理时间延长,尿铬排出量逐渐减少。补铬组猪的血浆Cr含量不因高温时间延长而显著下降,尿铬排出量不因高温时间延长而显著下降。2给饲养于高温环境中的猪补铬,可使猪血浆皮质醇不因高温应激而显著上升。3高温增加猪血浆尿素氮水平(P<001),降低血浆总蛋白和球蛋白水平(P<001);补铬使猪的血浆尿素氮水平不因高温应激而显著上升,总蛋白水平不因高温应激而显著下降。4给饲养于高温环境中猪补充吡啶羧酸铬,在前2周,日增重、日采食量和饲料转化率没有显著影响(P>005);在后2周,补铬提高猪的日采食量102%(P>005),提高猪的日增重381%(P<001),料重比下降205%(P<001)。Sixteen crossbred barrow pigs were randomly assigned to the control group (CON) and the Cr supplemented group (+Cr) The Cr supplemented level was 300μg/kg diet Cr(Chromium picolinate) The pigs were individually penned in plastic coated metabolism crates in pig house in summer (25～34℃,70%～85%RH) for four weeks Plasma Cr levels (CON) decreased gradually and 24 h urinary excretion of Cr increased firstly,then decreased within heat exposure of 28 days These indicated that Cr contents of body store decreased gradually But plasma Cr levels and 24 h urinary excretion of Cr(+Cr) hadn’t a significant decrement due to heat exposure These results showed that Cr addition to diet at 300μg Cr/kg diet level could make up a Cr loss due to heat exposure Plasma cortisol levels in pigs (+Cr) had not a significant increase due to heat exposure Plasma insulin,glucose levels weren’t altered by high temperature treatment and supplemental Cr (P>0 05) Plasma urea N contents of pigs (CON) increased (P<0 01) and total protein,globulin levels decreased (P<0 01) However,plasma urea N levels of pigs (+Cr) didn’t increased and total protein level didn’t decreased significantly These results indicated that supplemental Cr alleviate the detrimental effect of heat stress Plasma triglyceride concentrations increased (P<0 05) due to long heat exposure Supplemental Cr prevented an increase of plasma triglyceride level from long heat exposure Average daily gain,ADFI,gain/feed were not affected by supplemental Cr in the first 2 weeks However,average daily gain,feed/gain were increased (P<0 01) by supplemental Cr,but ADFI was not altered in the last 2 weeks (P<0 05)

关 键 词：高温 铬 生理生化反应 生产性能 猪 

分 类 号：S828.4[农业科学—畜牧学]