不同灌水参数组合时田面坡度对灌水质量的影响研究  

Study on influence of field surface slope on irrigation efficiency in combination with different irrigation parameters

作　　者：郑和祥[1] 史海滨[2] 郭克贞[1] 郝万龙 

机构地区：[1]水利部牧区水利科学研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010020 [2]内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010018 [3]呼和浩特市水文勘测局,内蒙古呼和浩特010020

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2011年第6期43-48,共6页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑计划重点项目(2007BAD88B04)

摘　　要：田面坡度是影响畦灌灌水质量的重要因素,研究田面坡度对灌水性能的影响时,要结合灌水定额、平整精度、田面糙率和单宽流量等参数进行分析。通过对常规平地技术条件下多组合灌溉参数模拟分析得出:不同灌水定额、平整精度、田面糙率和单宽流量组合对应不同的最佳田面坡度,当灌水定额为60.00 mm,平整精度为4.25 cm,田面糙率为0.12,单宽流量分别为4、3 L/(s.m)和2 L/(s.m)时,反向模拟出最佳的田面坡度分别为1.6‰、1.8‰和2.2‰;并通过研究田面坡度对水流推进和消退过程的影响得出:田面坡度为2.0‰的水流推进和消退过程曲线明显比1.6‰和1.2‰的曲线平滑,说明在较小的单宽流量条件下,相对较大的田面坡度可使田面水流运动更加稳定,有利于改善灌水质量。As field surface slope is an important factor which influences irrigation efficiency in border irrigation, it is necessary to study its influence on irrigation capability in combination with irrigation quota, land leveling precision, land roughness and flux per width. Irrigation simulation in different irrigation factors by general technical level off border indicates： different irrigation quota, land leveling precision, land roughness and flux per width are corresponding to different optimum field surface slop, optimization slopes are 1.6%e, 1.8%e and 2.2%e by reverse simulation when irrigation quota is 60mm, land leveling precision is 4.25 cm, land roughness is 0.12 and flux per width are respectively 4 L/（s＂ m）, 3 L/（s＂ m） and 2 L/（s＂ m）. The study of water flux advance and regression process in different field surface slopes concludes that the curve of water flux advance and regression of process field surface slopes in 2.0%e is more smooth than in 1.6%e and 1.2%e, indicating that water flux advance in relatively larger field surface slope is stable and and is favorable for the improvement of irrigation quality in smaller flux per width.

关 键 词：畦灌 灌水质量 田面坡度 单宽流量 田面糙率 

分 类 号：S274.6[农业科学—农业水土工程]