苹果幼树三级单轴延伸整形修剪技术研究  

Study on Technology of Training and Pruning of Young Apple Trees by Three-level Uniaxial Extension

作　　者：张新生[1] 齐永顺[2] 赵同生[1] 王同坤[2] 张芳 

机构地区：[1]河北省农林科学院昌黎果树研究所,河北昌黎066600 [2]河北科技师范学院,河北昌黎066000 [3]秦皇岛市绿色农业发展中心,河北秦皇岛066000

出　　处：《河北农业科学》2011年第9期16-18,共3页Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助(nycytx-08);河北省科技支撑计划资助项目(10240612D)

摘　　要：为简化苹果树整形修剪技术,提高早期产量和果实品质,对苹果幼树三级(即中心干、主枝和结果枝组)单轴延伸整形修剪技术试验园与小冠疏层形果园的树体生长、结果和用工成本等指标进行了分析与比较。结果表明:苹果幼树三级单轴延伸整形修剪技术试验园的树高、干高、主枝数和主枝梢角角度均显著提高;单位面积枝量、长中短枝数量、中短枝比例以及小枝组数量均显著增加;产量和单果重显著增加,着色面积、可溶性固形物含量和硬度等指标有一定程度的提高;总用工量和用工成本均有所降低。因此,在苹果幼树上应用三级单轴延伸整形修剪技术,具有促进苹果早期丰产、提高果实品质以及降低用工投入的效果。To simplify the technology of training and pruning,improve the yield and fruit quality of young apple trees,the effects of the technology of three-level uniaxial extension on the growth,fruiting and cost were studied.The results showed that the tree height,trunk height,numbers and angles of scaffold branch,numbers of total branch,and numbers of short branch were significantly improved,the yield and fruit quality were significantly increased,and the amount and cost of labor were reduced.As a result,the technology of training and pruning by three-level uniaxial extension improved the yield and fruit quality of young apple trees,and reduced the cost of labor.

关 键 词：苹果 幼树 三级单轴延伸 整形修剪 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]