海拔5374m高原实地急性缺氧暴露下家兔肠黏膜屏障功能损伤观察  

Observation of Intestinal Mucosal Barrier Dysfunction in the Rabbits under Acute Hypoxia on a 5374 Meters Plateau

作　　者：李素芝[1] 杨定周[1] 郑必海[1] 刘厚东[1] 陈有[1] 吴前进[1] 陈薇薇[1] 

机构地区：[1]西藏军区总医院全军高山病中心,西藏拉萨850007

出　　处：《华南国防医学杂志》2011年第4期273-276,297,共5页Military Medical Journal of South China

基　　金：西藏自治区重点攻关课题(2005-54)

摘　　要：目的观察海拔5374m高原实地环境下,急性缺氧对家兔小肠黏膜屏障功能的损伤作用,为临床急性高原病的防治提供理论依据。方法 40只新西兰大白兔,随机分为平原对照组(C)、高原缺氧1天组(GQ1)、高原缺氧3天组(GQ3)和高原缺氧5天组(GQ5),每组10只。高原缺氧各组动物在海拔5374m的高原实地环境分别生存1天、3天和5天,C组在海拔平原环境下生存3天。在扫描电镜下观察平原对照组和高原缺氧组(GQ3、GQ5)家免小肠黏膜组织病理改变情况,应用邻联二茴香胺显色剂法检测血清和小肠黏膜二胺氧化酶(diamine oxidase,DAO)的活性,硫代巴比妥酸(thiobarbituric acid,TBA)法测定血清丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)的含量,酶法测定血清超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)的活性和一氧化氮(nitric oxide,NO)、谷氨酰胺(glutamine,Gln)的含量。结果 C组小肠黏膜微绒毛排列整齐,表面光滑;GQ3组小肠黏膜粗糙不平,凝结呈板块状,大部分绒毛卷曲,结构模糊不清;GQ5组小肠绒毛表面可见多处缺损,缺损处可见较多纤维蛋白丝和双凹碟形红细胞漏出。与C组比较,高原缺氧各组血清DAO、MDA水平均显著增高(P<0.05或P<0.01),GQ1、GQ3、GQ5组呈逐渐递增趋势,其中以GQ5组增高最为明显;血清SOD、NO、Gln及小肠DAO、Gln水平均显著降低(P<0.05或P<0.01),GQ1、GQ3、GQ5呈逐渐递减趋势,其中以GQ5组降低最为明显。结论高原急性缺氧能引起家兔严重的小肠黏膜屏障功能损伤,在一定时间内,随着高原生存时间延长其损伤程度逐渐加重。Objective To observe the effect of intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction induced by acute hypoxia at a 5374 meters plateau environment,and provide the theoretical basis for the prevention and control of acute high altitude sickness.Methods Forty adult New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into plain control group（group C）,one day of high-altitude hypoxia group（group GQ1）,three days of high-altitude hypoxia group（group GQ3）,and five days of high-altitude hypoxia group（group GQ5）,10 rabbits in each group.group GQ1,group GQ3 and group GQ5 lived at a 5374 meters plateau environment for one day,three days and five days respectively.Group C lived in plain environment for three days.The changes of small intestinal mucosa tissue in group C,group GQ3 and group GQ5 were observed by the scanning electron microscopy（SEM）.Serum and small intestinal mucosa diamines oxidase（DAO） activity was detected using o-Dianisidine as chromogenic agent.Serum malondialdehyde（MDA） was detected by glucosinolates pentobarbital acid（TBA）.Serum superoxide dismutase（SOD） activity,nitric oxide（NO） and glutamine（Gln） contents were detected by enzymatic method.Results In group C,the surface of small intestine mucosa was smooth and the structure was clear.In group GQ3,the surface of small intestine mucosa was coarse and lumpish,most villi were curled,and the structure was unclear.In group GQ5,the surface of small intestine mucosa was injured with leakout of many fiber proteins and normal erythrocytes.Compared with group C,the level of serum DAO and MDA were significantly increased in the hypoxia exposed groups（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01） with an increasing trend along with group GQ1,group GQ3 and group GQ5,and most obvious in group GQ5.Serum SOD,NO and Gln,intestinal Gln and DAO levels were significantly reduced in hypoxia exposed groups（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01） with a decreasing trend along with group GQ1,group GQ3 and group GQ5,and most obvious in group GQ5.Conclusion High-altitude hypoxia can cause s

关 键 词：高原实地 急性缺氧 小肠黏膜 屏障功能损伤 

分 类 号：R848[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]