无棱镜全站仪测量树高及树冠的方法研究  

Measure method research of tree height and tree crown by non-prism total station

作　　者：谢鸿宇[1] 温志庆 钟世锦[1] 杨木壮[1] 李长辉[3] 李展聪[1] 叶家浩[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州大学地理科学学院,广东广州510006 [2]广州南方测绘仪器有限公司,广东广州510000 [3]广州市城市规划勘测设计研究院,广东广州510023

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2011年第11期53-58,共6页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50679063);广州市属高校科技计划项目(62037);广州市科技计划项目(2007J1-C0491);广东省大学生创新性实验(1107810063)

摘　　要：针对传统的树高和树冠测量方法的缺点,提出利用无棱镜全站仪进行树高和树冠测量的新方法。首先,通过测量树顶与树根的高程差获得树的高度。其次,测量树冠在各方向上的最大伸展点的坐标,用以生成树冠投影面的多边形。然后,通过树影测量确定弧段弦高,再以弧段取代直线拟合多边形,以匹配树冠投影面的实际形状。最后,将结果与有棱镜全站仪和三维激光扫描仪的结果进行了比较。结果显示,该方法的精度略低于三维激光扫描仪,而大大高于有棱镜全站仪。由于无棱镜全站仪的价格仅为三维激光扫描仪的10%,该方法无疑更适合于野外林业调查。Aimed at the disadvantage of traditional measure method of height and crown of tree,a new measure metod based on non-prism total station was proposed.Firstly,height of tree was obtained by measuring height difference of treetop and root.Secondly,coordinations of outermost points in all direction of crown were measured.The polygon of projection plane of tree crown was created by these points.Thridly,chord height of arc was determined by measuring the shadow of tree.Fourthly,the sides of polygon of projection plane were replaced by arc to match the real shape of tree crown.Finally,the measure results of non-prisim total station were compared with prisim total station and three dimentiaonal laser scanner.The results show that the precision of non-prism total station slightly lower than three dimentiaonal laser scanner and much higher than prism total station.Because the price of non-prism total station is only 10% of three dimentiaonal laser scanner,this method undoubtly was suitable to field forestry investigation.

关 键 词：无棱镜全站仪 树高测量 树冠测量 

分 类 号：S758.7[农业科学—森林经理学]