雨生红球藻的细胞周期初探  

STUDIES OF CELL CYCLE IN HAEMATOCOCCUS PLUVIALIS

作　　者：刘建国[1] 殷明焱[1] 张京浦[1] 孟昭才[1] WFBourne 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院海洋研究所,青岛266071 [2]Division of Biological Sciences

出　　处：《海洋与湖沼》2000年第2期145-150,共6页Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金!39500114;国际科学基金(IFS)资助项目!AA/11043;山东省科学技术委员会资助项目!9565

摘　　要：１９９７年在青岛利用显微镜连续观察技术研究了雨生红球藻的细胞繁殖方式和动力学。结果表明，该藻细胞周期分为游动和不动２个阶段。每一阶段主要以无性生殖产生孢子的方式完成增殖。正常条件下游动细胞主要产生２、４个，偶尔产生８个游动孢子，游孢子从孢子囊释放后成为游动细胞。环境不适时游动细胞以及游动孢子失去鞭毛转入不动阶段。不动细胞主要形成４、８个，偶尔也能形成２０多个不动孢子，该过程不一定是等速的。不动孢子发育为不动细胞。环境条件适宜时不动细胞形成８或１６个游动孢子，通常个体较大的产生１６个，而较小的产生８个。红球藻偶尔进行营养繁殖，游动细胞以纵裂方式而不动细胞以出芽方式产生２个相同的细胞。The cell cycle of Haematococcus pluvialis, a biflagellared unicellular green alga and a potential source of natural astaxanthin, was studied out microscopically using camera, CCD color-TV video camera and recorder system. The cell cycle can be divided into two stages (motile and non-motile stage), and all the algae can be classified into four forms of cells: motile cell, non-motile cell, aplanospore and zoospore, while the terms as flagellated cell, palmella akinete, red cell and green cell often appeared in many papers are excluded with different reasons. The main proliferation of cells is accomplished by asexual reproduction both at the motile stage and non-motile stage under normal culture conditions. The motile cells mainly produce 2 zoospores, sometime 4, and occasionally 8 by asexual reproduction. The motile cells and zoospores lose their flagella, stop moving, turn into non-motile cells when exposured to stress environmental conditions. The non-motile cells can produce new cells by asexual reproduction at the non-motile stage even if they are exposed to unfavorable growth conditions. The non-motile cells usually produce 4 or 8 aplanospores, occasionally more than 20 aplanospores were checked in one sporangium. When the culture condition is suitable for Haematococcus pluvialis growth, nonmotile cells with large volume produce 16 zoospores and the small ones produce 8 with unequal cell division speeds as 3, 5, 6, 7''''''; zoospores are often checked in one sporangium. Vegetative reproduction was observed occasionally both in motile cells by direct division and some small non-motile cells by budding. However, sexual reproduction may exist as initial part of isogamy process was monitored once under the laboratory culture condition. Based on the above observation, a primary cell cycle of Haematococcus pluvialis is suggested.

关 键 词：红球藻 细胞周期 游动细胞 不动细胞 不动孢子 

分 类 号：Q949.291[生物学—植物学]