我国一些原油中钙化合物分布及形态的研究  

STUDY ON DISTRIBUTION AND COMPOSITION OF CALCIUM IN SOME CHINESE CRUDES

作　　者：侯典国[1] 汪燮卿[1] 

机构地区：[1]石油化工科学研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《石油学报（石油加工）》2000年第1期54-59,共6页Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Processing Section)

摘　　要：用水抽提法研究了原油中水溶性钙的比例 ;用有机溶剂抽提法研究了减压渣油中钙的分布 ;用酸解 -醇碱溶液抽提法研究了大港减压渣油中钙化合物的形态 ;还用等离子体发射光谱、透射电镜、傅立叶变换红外光谱、场致解吸质谱等对钙化合物的形态和分布进行了表征。结果表明 ,随着原油中含钙量的增加 ,水溶性钙的比例逐渐降低 ;与水溶性钙结合的阴离子中没有氯 ,大部分为含硅的无机盐及少量的含硫化合物 ;原油中的钙 96 %以上存在于减压渣油中 ;不同减压渣油中的钙分布有较大差别。大港减压渣油中的钙大部分为油溶性石油酸钙 ,相应的石油酸相对分子质量为 2 70～ 730 ,碳数分布为 1 6～ 4Calcium containing in crude oils was separated into water soluble and water insoluble by extracting the crude oils with water VRwere extracted with different organic solvents and separated into three fractions according to their solubility, named as saturated plus aromatics, resin and asphaltene fractions Dagang VR was decomposed with acetic acid and extracted with aqueous alcoholic solution of sodium hydroxide and the compositions of calcium components thus obtained were analyzed The results showed that the ratio of the water soluble and water insoluble calcium in crude oils varies remarkablely,the higher the calcium content in crude oil,the lower the ratio of water soluble calcium TEM showed that the water soluble calcium compounds are attributedmainly to the silica containing compounds and to a much small degree to the sulfur containing compounds More than 96% calcium in crude oils exists in their vacuum residua (VR) fraction It was proved that calcium in Dagang VR to be combined with petroleum acid Field desorption mass spectrum showed that the molecular mass of petroleum acids is 270～730,the carbon number is 16～48

关 键 词：钙分布 钙形态 石油酸 原油 溶剂萃取 

分 类 号：TE622.12[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]