计量语言学的现状、理论与方法  

Quantitative Linguistics:State of the Art,Theories and Methods

作　　者：刘海涛[1] 黄伟[2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学外国语言文化与国际交流学院,浙江杭州310058 [2]北京语言大学汉语水平考试中心,北京100083

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2012年第2期178-192,共15页Journal of Zhejiang University:Humanities and Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(09BYY024);国家社会科学基金重大项目(11&ZD188)

摘　　要：计量语言学以真实语言交际活动中呈现的各种语言现象、语言结构、结构属性以及它们之间的相互关系作为研究对象,通过概率论、随机过程、微分与微分方程、函数论等数学的定量方法对其进行精确的测量、观察、模拟、建模和解释,寻找语言现象背后的数理规律,揭示各种语言现象形成的内在原因,探索语言系统的自适应机制和语言演化的动因。对计量语言学现状、理论与方法进行分析,厘清该学科进一步发展的走向,旨在推动中国语言学的国际化与语言学研究的科学化水平。Quantitative linguistics concerns itself with the various language phenomena, language structures, structural properties, and their interrelations in real-life communicative activities. Through various quantitative techniques, it conducts accurate measurement, observation, simulation,modeling and explanation of these phenomena in order to discover the mathematical laws underlying the language phenomena, reveal the intrinsic reasons for these phenomena, and explore the self-adaptive mechanisms of the language system and the dynamics of language evolution. Quantitative linguistics is a typical combination of natural and social sciences, with distinct interdisciplinary characteristics. These characteristics distinguish quahtitative linguistics as the branch of linguistics with the best adherence to the paradigm of modern science. The language laws it discovers contribute to more accurate description and explanation of relevant language phenomena and are vitally important and necessary for the establishment of a type of linguistic theory in the modern scientific sense. As an empirical discipline based on authentic language data, the mode of thinking and research methodology practiced in quantitative linguisticsare generally in line with those in other empirical disciplines.

关 键 词：计量语言学 汉语 语言定律 ZIPF 数理语言学 

分 类 号：H087[语言文字—语言学]