宏基因组学在胃肠道微生物研究中的应用  

The Application of Metagenomic in the Research of the Microbiology in the Gastrointestinal Tract

作　　者：吴莎莎[1,2] 卢向阳[1] 许源[2] 许凤[2] 吴俊文[2] 田云[1] 方俊[1] 刘如石[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学生物科学技术学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]湖南师范大学生命科学学院,湖南长沙410081

出　　处：《激光生物学报》2012年第1期91-96,共6页Acta Laser Biology Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31072141);湖南省科技计划(2011SK2014);湖南省科技计划(科技人才计划)(2010RS4001);湖南省大学生研究性学习和创新性实验计划项目

摘　　要：动物胃肠道中普遍存在大量共生微生物群,对于它们的研究一直受制于纯培养技术。随着分子生物学的快速发展及其在微生物学及生态学上的应用,针对未培养微生物研究的一门新型学科——宏基因组技术应运而生并迅速发展。通过提取胃肠道粘膜表面以及内容物中微生物DNA,构建总DNA文库的方法,利用基因组学的研究策略,来研究胃肠道中微生物遗传组成及群落功能。宏基因组技术在胃肠道微生物研究中广泛的应用,对于医学、生态学、生物能源利用等领域的研究具有重大的价值。There are abundance of symbiotic groups in the gastrointestinal tract, however, the research for them has been subject to pure culture technology. With the rapid development of molecular biology and its applications in microb ology and ecology, a new subject for uncultivated microorganism has been established and developed rapidly-Metagenomic. Genetic compositions and functions of microbial communities of gastrointestinal mucosal surface and the contents are investigated by extracting enviromental sample DNA, constructing DNA library, and using genomics research strategy. Metagenomic is widely applicated in the area of the microbiology in the gastrointestinal tract, and it would make great contribution to morden medicine, ecology, biological energy and other research fields.

关 键 词：宏基因组 胃肠道微生物 

分 类 号：Q789[生物学—分子生物学]