泸州市1993～2010年流行性乙型脑炎流行状况及防治效果分析  

Analysis of epidemic encephalitis B prevalence and control effect in Luzhou City from 1993 to 2010

作　　者：常豫红[1] 陈航[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省泸州市疾病预防控制中心,泸州646600

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2012年第7期1608-1610,1613,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解流行性乙型脑炎(乙脑)的流行状况及防治效果,为制定预防控制策略提供依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对泸州市1993～2010年乙脑疫情资料进行分析。结果 18年共报告乙脑1563例,死亡56例,年均报告发病率、病死率分别为:1.85/10万、3.58%,各年度均为散发。2000年以前,年报告发病率呈波动上升,2000年以后,发病率从4.08/10万(2000年)波动下降至0.32/10万(2008年);病死率从7.94%(1998年)下降为0(2008～2010年)。从流行特征看:7～9月高发(占92.39%),8月为最高峰;10岁以下儿童为主要发病人群(占93.09%);古蔺、叙永、江阳区为历年高发地区(占68.20%),年平均发病率明显高于其他县区。2007～2010年个案资料显示,有免疫史者重型和极重型发生率较无免疫史和免疫史不详者要低。结论近10年泸州市乙脑防控成效显著。在流行季节前开展适龄儿童乙脑疫苗接种为有效防控措施,贫困县和边远农村仍为重点防控地区。OBJECTIVE To study the prevalence and control effect of epidemic encephalitis B（JE）in Luzhou,and to provide the guide for the further work of JE prevention and control.METHODS JE epidemic information from 1993 to 2010 were analyzed with descriptive epidemiological method.RESULTS A total 1 563 cases of JE were reported in Luzhou in 18 years with 56 death cases.The average annual incidence rate,case fatality ratio were 1.85/10 million,3.58% particularly.The cases in each year were highly sporadic.Before 2000,the annual reported incidence rate showed a rise in volatility,After 2000,the incidence rate decreased from 4.08/10 million（2000）to 0.32/10 million（2008）;Fatality rate from 7.94%（1998）down to 0（2008-2010）.Epidemiological characteristics showed：from July to September was the JE epidemic season（accounting for 92.39%）,peak was in August;Children under 10 years of age were a major disease groups（accounting for 93.09%）;Gulin,Xuyong,Jiangyang had a high incidence areas in past years（accounting for 68.20%）,average annual incidence rate was significantly higher than other counties.The data about case survey in 2007-2010 showed people with immunization history,the occurrence of severe and very severe epidemic encephalitis B cases who with immunization history was lower than the people with no immunization history or unknown immunization history.CONCLUSION The past decade,prevention and control of JE has achieved remarkable results in Luzhou City.Before the epidemic season,the JE vaccination is effective prevention and control measures in the school-age children.Poor counties and remote rural areas are the focus in prevention and control.

关 键 词：流行性乙型脑炎 流行病学分析 虫媒传染病 

分 类 号：R512.32[医药卫生—内科学]