江西省洪涝灾害后1149名受灾居民心理健康状况调查  

An investigation of 1 149 inhabitant's mental health after floods in Jiangxi province

作　　者：郭明[1] 喻芳[2] 钞雪林[1] 袁也丰[1] 胡国良[3] 毛向群[3] 黄国明[1] 万爱兰[1] 陈建云[1] 李梦倩[1] 黄佳[1] 

机构地区：[1]南昌大学第一附属医院心身医学科,南昌330006 [2]江西省心理康复中心 [3]江西省疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2012年第7期1690-1692,1702,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2008BAI68B08)

摘　　要：目的了解江西地区洪涝灾区部分居民灾害后的心理健康状况及应激反应,为出台完善重大自然灾害心理干预预案提供依据。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,使用自编的一般情况调查表、症状自评量表(SCL-90)、事件影响量表-修订版(IES-R)对江西省南昌市西湖区和安义县15～70岁受灾居民进行调查。结果共调查1149人,受灾人群中有41.69%存在不同程度的心理问题,有15.06%的人可能存在某种明显的心理问题。受灾居民除躯体化及抑郁因子得分外与全国常模差异无统计学意义(P﹥0.05),焦虑、敌对等症状因子得分和总分、总均分均高于全国常模,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05);抑郁和敌对症状因子得分男女差异无统计学意义(P﹥0.05),男性受灾居民人际关系敏感因子得分较女性为低,而躯体化、强迫症状、焦虑、恐怖、偏执、精神病性及总分、总均分均高于女性受灾居民,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05);除人际关系敏感、敌对、偏执因子外(P﹥0.05),南昌地区受灾居民躯体化、强迫症状等因子及总分、总均分均高于安义县受灾居民,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。受灾居民创伤后应激症状阳性检出率为12.71%。不同性别受灾居民各应激反应症状因子及总分、总均分差异均无统计学意义(P﹥0.05);南昌地区受灾居民除闯入因子外,回避、高警觉性症状因子及总分、总均分均高于安义县受灾居民,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。结论极端恶劣天气对受灾居民的心理健康影响普遍而严重,尽早建立极端恶劣天气下心理干预机制十分必要。OBJECTIVE To understand some inhabitant＇s mental health and stress response after floods,to provided the basis in conducting psychological intervention for the future major natural disasters.METHODS Investigated 15-70 years residents affected by floods in Xihu District and Anyi County with stratified cluster sampling method,and self-designed questionnaire,Symptoms Self-evaluation Form（SCL-90）,Impact of Event Scale-revised edition（IES-R）.RESULTS Altogether people in the survey 1 149 cases,41.69% had different degrees of psychological problems,15.06% had some obvious psychological problems.Except the somatization and depression scores had no significant difference with national norm,anxiety,hostility and other symptoms factor scores and total score,total average were higher than the national norm.Male interpersonal sensitivity score was lower than that of female,and somatization,obsessive-compulsive,anxiety,photic anxiety,paranoid ideation,psychoticism and total,total average were higher than female.Except interpersonal sensitivity,hostility and paranoid ideation,somatization,obsessive-compulsive and other factors and total score,total average were higher than Anyi affected residents by calamity.The positive rate of post-traumatic stress symptoms of affected residents was 12.71%.Different genders of affected residents were response to stress symptoms factor and total,total alike were no statistically significant.In Nanchang affected residents,except intrusion factor,withdrawal and high alertness symptom factors and total,total alike were higher than Anyi affected residents.CONCLUSION Extreme weather affected the residents has a widespread and serious effect on mental health,which should establish early warning mechanism and improve the psychological intervention on extreme inclement weather.

关 键 词：心理健康 创伤后应激症状 洪灾 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]