高血压专科就诊患者阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征的检出率调查  

Prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome in hypertensive clinic patients

作　　者：严治涛[1] 张丽丽[1] 韩瑞梅[1] 程维平[1] 李南方[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院高血压中心,新疆维吾尔自治区高血压研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830001

出　　处：《中华高血压杂志》2012年第3期272-276,共5页Chinese Journal of Hypertension

摘　　要：目的调查高血压人群的阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)的发生情况和在性别,年龄中的分布情况以及比较不同民族高血压患者中OSAHS的发生。方法 2009-04-01-06-30以高血压为主诉就诊于新疆自治区人民医院高血压专科的高血压患者3391例,经病史询问存在睡眠时打鼾、白天嗜睡,伴或不伴体格检查颈部粗短、下颌短小、舌肥大、无法解释的口舌发绀的疑似OSAHS患者279例,行多导睡眠监测,估算高血压人群的OSAHS的患病率,并分析OSAHS发生的相关危险因素。结果高血压患者中OSAHS的检出率为6.7%(228/3391),而多导睡眠监测的阳性率为81.7%(228/279),其中男性的OSAHS检出率为10.4%,明显高于女性的3.0%(P<0.01);男性OSAHS患者的平均年龄低于女性[(46.6±9.8)比(53.1±9.5)岁,P<0.01]。>30～60岁年龄段的OSAHS检出率最高(8.9%);老年患者重度OSAHS比例高于中青年患者(67.9%比37.5%,P<0.01)。汉族、维吾尔族、哈萨克族、回族和其他民族的OSAHS检出率分别为7.6%(174/2287)、4.7%(37/780)、4.2%(7/145)、4.2%(6/144)和11.4%(4/35),组间比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=11.297,P=0.023)。结论高血压专科就诊的中老年、男性高血压患者中OSAHS检出率较高,不同民族的OASHA检出率不同。Objective To investigate the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome（OSAHS）and its correlation to gender,age and nationality in hypertensives.Methods A total of 3391 hypertensive patients were recruited from the hypertension clinic in People＇s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from April 1,2009 to June 30,2009.Among which 279 OSAHS cases were enrolled to perform polysomnography who were characterized by symptoms of snoring or daytime sleepiness after history inquiry,or by signs of dumpy neck,micrognathism,hypertrophy tongue,or unaccountable cyanosis of the lips and tongue with or without physical examination.The prevalence of OSAHS in this cohort was calculated and the related risk factors for OSAHS were analyzed.Results ①The prevalence of OSAHS was 6.7%（228/3391）in hypertensives.And the positive rate of polysomnographic monitoring in suspected OSAHS patients was 81.7%（228/279）.Of these participants,the detection rate of OSAHS was obviously higher in males（10.4%） than that in females（2.97%）.②The mean age was younger in male cases with OSAHS than in female ones [（46.6±9.8） vs（53.1±9.5）years,P0.01].③The highest prevalence was achieved in the subjects aged from 31 years to 60 years（8.9%）.The percentage of severe OSAHS in the elderly was higher than that in young and middle-aged patients（67.9% vs 37.5%,P0.01）.④The prevalence in Han,Uighur,Kazakh,Hui,and the other nationalities was 7.6%（174/2287）,4.7%（37/780）,4.2%（7/145）,4.2%（6/144） and 11.4%（4/35）respectively,with a significant difference among the groups（χ＋2=11.297,P=0.023）.Conclusions In the cohort from hypertension clinic,the OSAHS prevalence among the middle and old aged,male hypertensive patients was obviously higher.The prevalence of OSAHS was different among various nationalities.

关 键 词：高血压 睡眠呼吸暂停 流行病学 

分 类 号：R766[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]