飞行学员椎动脉二维及彩色多普勒超声检测分析  

Two-dimensional and color Doppler ultrasound analysis of vertebral artery in pilot cadets

作　　者：刘淑萍[1] 李利[2] 孙斌[3] 汪娜[2] 周晓军 陈同欣[1] 刘庆元[1] 姚克纯[2] 马中立[5] 

机构地区：[1]空军总医院体检队,北京100142 [2]空军总医院超声科,北京100142 [3]空军总医院泌尿外科,北京100142 [4]空军航空航天大学门诊部,长春130022 [5]空军后勤部卫生部机关,北京100720

出　　处：《解放军医学杂志》2012年第4期383-386,共4页Medical Journal of Chinese People's Liberation Army

基　　金：全军"十二五"重大专项课题(akj11j003)~~

摘　　要：目的了解2010年度招收的飞行学员椎动脉发育情况,为椎动脉超声检查列入招飞体检提供依据。方法利用二维及彩色多普勒超声回顾性分析722名飞行学员的椎动脉起始位置、内径、走行及血流动力学变化等,总结飞行学员中椎动脉先天发育异常的比例。结果 722名飞行学员左侧椎动脉起始段(D1)与椎动脉椎间段(D2)内径(分别为3.624±0.017、3.623±0.018mm)宽于右侧(分别为3.489±0.018、3.438±0.019mm,P<0.05),左侧椎动脉椎间段收缩期峰值流速(53.547±0.412cm/s)高于右侧(48.463±0.405cm/s,P<0.05)。椎动脉直径在2.5～3.0mm的比例较大,为17.5%,而小于2.5mm比例稍低,为6.9%;右侧椎动脉窄细者(16.0%,116/722)多于左侧(8.3%,60/722),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。双侧椎动脉走行异常者24例(占3.3%),其中双侧椎动脉起始位置正常,仅走行异常者19例,起始部伴走行异常者5例。19例仅走行异常者左右侧之间无明显差异(P>0.05),5例起始部伴走行异常者中2例伴有同侧椎动脉窄细。结论飞行学员中存在多种椎动脉先天发育异常,应早日将椎动脉的超声检查列入招飞体检项目中。Objective To investigate the development of vertebral artery in the 2010 enrolled pilot cadets,and provide a foundation for introducing vertebral artery ultrasound examination into inclusion criteria.Methods The ultrasound findings of the vertebral artery in 722 pilot cadets,including its origin,shape,diameter and hemodynamic patterns,were retrospectively reviewed by two-dimensional and color Doppler ultrasound.The proportion of its congenital dysplasia was calculated and summarized.Results Among the 722 pilot cadets,both the inner diameter of the initial segment（D1） and the intervertebral segment（D2） of left vertebral artery were wider than the right one（3.624±0.017mm vs 3.489±0.018mm,3.623±0.018mm vs 3.438±0.019 mm,P0.05）.The peak systolic velocity of the intervertebral segment in left vertebral artery（Vmax） was found to be faster than the right（53.547±0.412cm/s vs 48.463±0.405cm/s,P0.05）.The diameter of vertebral artery ranged from 2.5mm to 3mm accounted for 17.5% and that less than 2.5mm accounted for only 6.9%.Narrow caliber of the artery was more common in the right vertebral artery（16% vs 8.3%,P0.05）.In 24 persons only the course of arteries on both sides appeared abnormal,accounting for 3.3%,including 19 cases with abnormal course only and 5 cases with both abnormal origin and course.There was no significant difference between left and right in the 19 cases with shape abnormality only（P0.05）.Among 5 persons showed both abnormal origin and shape,there were 2 cases in whom there was also small caliber.Conclusions Multiple congenital dysplasia of vertebral artery was found in pilot cadets.The ultrasonography examination of vertebral artery should be included in the selection criteria for pilot cadet enrollment as early as possible.

关 键 词：椎动脉 超声检查 飞行员 

分 类 号：R821.22[医药卫生—临床医学]