新中国历史上的两次群众诗歌运动——“大跃进民歌”和“天安门诗歌”述评  

Two Times' Mass Poetry Movements in New China's History——Commentary of “The Great Leap Forward Folk Song” and “Tian An Men Poetry”

作　　者：夏杏珍[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院当代中国研究所

出　　处：《当代中国史研究》2012年第2期56-62,126,共7页Contemporary China History Studies

摘　　要："大跃进民歌"和"天安门诗歌"具有共同的典型意义,但因产生的时代背景不同形成了各自的特点。"大跃进民歌"是自上而下,由领导者组织发动的一场全国范围配合正在开展的"大跃进"的诗歌运动;而"天安门诗歌"则是在极其特殊的政治环境下,群众自发地以诗歌为武器,追悼周恩来、声讨"四人帮"而爆发的一场群众示威运动,这场运动虽然很快被镇压下去,但对人们心灵的震撼,弥久不衰。两次诗歌运动真切地印证了"人民,只有人民,才是推动历史前进的动力"这一真理。人民群众是推动社会变革的巨大力量,也是文化创造的主体。群众文化的兴起和蓬勃发展,对社会主义文化大发展大繁荣有着巨大的影响。'The Great Leap Forward Folk Song' was the new folk song developed under the situation of 'the Great Leap Forward' in 1958.'Tian An Men Poetry' was the poetry movement formed to mourn Zhou Enlai in 1976 and denounce 'the Gang of Four'.They had the common typical significances and the different characteristics because of the time background.'The Great Leap Forward Folk Song' was a nationwide poetry movement organized and launched by the leaders from top to bottom which coordinated with 'the Great Leap Forward'.But 'Tian An Men Poetry' Movement was a masses demonstration movement in which the masses spontaneously took the poetry as the weapons and grieved over Zhou Enlai to denounce 'the Gang of Four' under the extremely special political situation.Although this movement was suppressed quickly,the masses' minds got shocked and never faded for a long period.The two poetry movements had made the profound impressions to the people and proved an irrefutable truth that 'the people,only the people,are the power to promote historical progress'.The masses are the tremendous strength to promote social changes and the main body of cultural creation.The start and vigorous development of the mass culture had great influences on great development and prosperity of socialism culture.

关 键 词：“大跃进” 四五运动 民歌 诗歌 群众文化 

分 类 号：I207.25[文学—中国文学]