中法建交谈判中关于台湾问题的“三项默契”——《周恩来总理谈话要点》形成考释  

“Three Tacit Agreements” on Taiwan Question during the Negotiation of the Establishment of Sino-France Diplomatic Relations——Exploration of the Forming of “The Gist of Premier Zhou Enlai's Talk”

作　　者：姚百慧[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学历史学院

出　　处：《当代中国史研究》2012年第2期71-81,127,共11页Contemporary China History Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目<20世纪国际格局的演变与大国关系互动研究>(11&ZD133);北京市教育委员会社科计划重点项目<国际关系史史料的整理与研究>(SZ201010028010)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：1963年法国前总理富尔的中国之行是中法建交中的关键阶段,而定稿于11月2日的《周恩来总理谈话要点》又是富尔访华最终取得成功的基础。富尔访华初期,中法虽都有建立大使级外交关系的愿望,但在台湾问题上的分歧使会谈陷入僵局。其后,中方在坚决反对任何形式的"两个中国"原则的基础上,先后提出了有步骤建交方案、直接建交方案,最终在三项默契基础上同富尔达成了一致。中方把最终形成的默契以文本形式交给富尔,这就是《周恩来总理谈话要点》。总的看来,该要点是中法平等协商的结果,法国在其中承担了承认中华人民共和国政府为代表中国的唯一合法政府、支持中国恢复在联合国的合法席位、法台不再保持"外交"关系等义务。但谈话要点也是求同存异的结果,并未全面解决中法在台湾问题上的分歧。The former French Prime Minister Faure's trip to China in 1963 was a critical stage in the establishment of Sino-French diplomatic relations,and 'The Gist of Premier Zhou Enlai's Talk' finalized on November 2nd was the successful basis for Faure's visit to China.At the beginning of Faure's visit,China and France had expressed their desires to establish diplomatic relations at ambassadorial level,but the talks reached an impasse due to the differences on Taiwan Question.Recognizing the important significance of Sino-France diplomatic relations for China's diplomacy,China had proposed programs of establishing step-by-step and direct diplomatic relations firmly based on the principal of opposition to any forms of 'Two China',and finally reached the consensus with Faure based on 'three tacit agreements'.Chinese side passed the final tacit agreements in text forms to Faure,this was 'The Gist of Premier Zhou Enlai's Talk'.Overall,the gist were the result of Sino-French consultations on the basis of equality,in which France admitted the government of the People's Republic of China as the sole legal government to represent China and supported the restoration of China's legitimate seat at UN,and France and Taiwan no longer maintained 'diplomatic relationship' and other obligations.But 'The Gist of Premier Zhou Enlai's Talk' was also the result of seeking common ground while reserving differences and did not fully resolve the differences between China and France on Taiwan Question.

关 键 词：中法关系 周恩来 富尔 中法建交 

分 类 号：D829[政治法律—政治学]