灌浆结实期适度高温对香稻产量的影响及其机理  

Effect of Moderately High Temperature on Yield of Aromatic Rice and Its Mechanism during Grain Filling Stage

作　　者：徐振江[1] 肖立中[1] 刘洪[1] 任永浩[1] 李之林[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学农学院,广东广州510642

出　　处：《作物杂志》2012年第2期55-58,共4页Crops

基　　金：国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200903008-09);广东省农业厅基金(2001438)

摘　　要：选用1个常规香稻品种和1个杂交香稻组合,通过人工气候室控温的方法,研究了高温处理(日均温30℃)和适温处理(日均温23℃)对产量及其构成的影响,并进一步从光合作用和碳水化合物积累的角度对其生理机制进行了分析研究。结果表明:灌浆结实期高温使新香占和优杂五山香的结实率、实粒数显著降低,虽千粒重稍有增加,但最终表现为产量极显著下降,分别比适温处理下降了22.8%和29.9%;香稻子粒灌浆中后期,高温处理显著降低了剑叶的叶绿素含量和净光合速率,使产量形成的"源"明显不足,同时子粒中可溶性糖的含量和淀粉的积累速率明显下降,使产量形成的"库"显著变弱。Yield and its mechamism under two temperatures during grain filling stage were studied by using one mbred aromatic rice variety and one hybrid aromatic rice combination. The results showed that, the filled grain rate and the filled grains per panicle of the two aromatic rice varieties under moderately high temperature （day mean temperature 30℃ ）were significantly reduced, although the 1000 -grain weight was improved ,resulting in the grain yield of Xinxiangzhan and Youzawushanxiang reduced by 22.8% and 29.9% respectively, compared to that under the regular temperature treatment. The chlorophyll content and the net photosynthetic rate in flag leaf of aromatic rice were significantly reduced, which resulted in insufficient ＂source＂ for the formation of yield. Meanwhile, the soluble sugar content and the starch accumulation rate in the developing grains decreased, which made the ＂sink＂ significantly weak.

关 键 词：香稻 温度 产量 生理机制 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]