美国贸易保护主义的历史渊源  

The History of the Protectionism in America

作　　者：姜达洋[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津商业大学经济学院,天津300134

出　　处：《西部论坛》2012年第2期80-87,共8页West Forum

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(08BJY119)"加快我国生产性服务业发展与创新研究";天津市教委社科重大课题(2011ZD028)"天津市生产性服务业聚集发展研究";天津市科技发展战略研究计划项目(11ZLZLZT03200)"科技创新引领天津生产性服务业的对策研究"

摘　　要：长期以来,美国一直被视为经济自由主义的大本营,然而次贷危机后,美国贸易政策却明显地转向保护主义。回溯美国经济发展的历史与美国学派的经济思想,保护主义一直是美国早期所惯用的政策选择,自由贸易只是其确定经济霸权地位后的选择。因此,美国在危机后的贸易保护主义有着其历史渊源,不能说是其贸易政策从自由贸易向保护贸易的根本性转向,而是其经济政策又回归了保护主义的传统。The United States is always regarded as the base of the economic liberalism for a long time,but her trade policy has turned to protectionism after the subprime mortgage crisis.This article reviews the history of American economic development and the economic thoughts of the American school and points out that protectionism was the usual choice of American trade policy at the early time after her independence and that free trade is the choice after her economic hegemony was built.Thus,American protectionism after the crisis has its historic causes,should not be viewed as the basic change of her trade policy from free trade to protected trade,however,American economic policy returned to the tradition of its protectionism.

关 键 词：贸易保护主义 自由贸易主义 关税保护 工业化 幼稚产业扶持 禁运 美国体系 

分 类 号：F757.12[经济管理—国际贸易]