镁基水反应金属燃料冲压发动机的工作特性  

Operating Characteristics of a Magnesium-based Hydroreactive Metal Fuel Ramjet

作　　者：杨亚晶[1] 何茂刚[2] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学航天航空学院机械结构强度与振动国家重点实验室,陕西西安710049 [2]西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院,陕西西安710049

出　　处：《热能动力工程》2012年第2期154-159,260,共6页Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy and Power

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(NSFC11102151);高等学校博士点学科专项基金资助项目(20110201120022)

摘　　要：针对水下高速航行器用镁基水反应金属燃料冲压发动机,设定了3种质量组分配比的燃料,结合热力计算和二维轴对称数值模拟研究其工作特性。其中,两进水口处观测到的漩涡预言了在燃料燃烧过程中引发热声振荡的可能性。在3种燃料发动机各自的有效水燃比范围内,通过数值模拟可知两次水燃比的分配直接影响发动机内的燃烧稳定性;总水燃比的增加会引发一个最大的比冲值,同时热效率和推进效率分别单调增加和降低。另外,数值模拟和热力计算结果均显示燃料中镁含量的增加有益于发动机比冲及热效率的增加。本研究中燃烧特性、比冲及效率等工作特性随发动机工况的变化规律特征,可指导发动机整体结构构型及总体性能优化的方向,同时可对发动机内潜在的热声振荡特性进行预估以便设计相应的抑制策略。For a underwater high speed aircraft-purposed magnesium-based hydroreactive metal fuel ramjet,set were fuels mixed in three component mass proportions and in conjunction with the thermal calculation and two-dimensional axis-symmetrical numerical simulation,studied were its operating characteristics.In this connection,the vortexes observed at both inlets foreshow that during the fuel combustion process,it is possible to result in a thermoacoustic oscillation.Within the effective ranges of water/fuel ratio specific to the ramjet burning three kinds of fuel respectively,the numerical simulation results show that the distribution of water/fuel ratios in two times will directly influence the combustion stability inside the engine.To increase the total water/fuel ratio will produce a maximal specific impulse and in the meantime,the thermal efficiency and the propulsion efficiency will increase and decrease respectively in a monotonous way.In addition,both numerical simulation and thermal calculation result indicate that to increase the megnesium content in the fuel will help increase the specific impulse and thermal efficiency of the engine.The law and characteristics governing the change of such operating characteristics of the engine as combustion characteristics,specific impulse and efficiency etc.can offer guide for optimizing overall structure and performance of an engine and at the same time,predict the intrinsic thermoacoustic oscillation characteristics of an engine so as to design corresponding control tactics.

关 键 词：镁基水反应金属燃料 冲压发动机 水燃比 比冲 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TK48[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]