长骨骨骺软骨管中淋巴管的形态特征  

Lymphatics in cartilage canals of fetal tibial epiphysis

作　　者：王福川[1] 张国川[2] 林伟枫[2] 丁宁[3] 关晓晖[1] 林振福[2] 

机构地区：[1]河北省邢台市人民医院,邢台054001 [2]河北医科大学第三医院小儿骨科 [3]河北中医学院组织胚胎学教研室

出　　处：《中华小儿外科杂志》2000年第2期106-108,共3页Chinese Journal of Pediatric Surgery

摘　　要：目的　研究骨骺中软骨管与淋巴管的结构和分布 ,并探讨它们之间的关系。方法　 8、14、2 2、2 9周死胎和死亡新生儿胫骨近端骨骺 ,用HE、改良的 5 核苷酸酶组化染色方法及透射电镜观察。结果　胎儿 8周时无软骨管出现 ,14周时数目较少 ,2 2周时增多 ,2 9周时最多 ,分支复杂 ,向心性走行 ,呈“枯树枝”样结构 ,末端分支为盲端 ,彼此之间互不吻合。新生儿次级骨化中心已经出现 ,软骨管数目减少 ,生长板内可见交通软骨管。软骨管由软骨膜和交叉韧带附着处长入 ,多由微动脉、微静脉、毛细血管和疏松结缔组织组成 ,1/ 5的软骨管尚含有淋巴管。毛细淋巴管多分布于骺近中心和生长板的静止带 ,由单层内皮细胞构成 ,基底膜缺如 ,无周细胞 ,内皮重叠连接 ,有锚丝同外周的胶原纤维相连。结论　胎儿胫骨近端骨骺中存在淋巴管 ,淋巴管是软骨管的重要组成部分。Objective To study the distribution of lymphatics in the cartilage canals in the proximal tibial epiphysis. Methods Histological study, transmission electro microscopy and histochemical study of 5' nucleotidase activity of endothelium were carried out on specimens of proximal tibial epiphysis from 8, 22 and 29 week fetuses and neonates. Results No cartilage canal was detected in the epiphysis from the 8 week old fetus. Small number of cartilage canal started to appear by 14 weeks. The number increased by 22 weeks and reached maximum by 29 weeks. The pattern of the canals was centripetal and arborescent with non communicating blind ends. In neonates, the cartilage canals decreased in number and communicated with one another. Secondary ossification centre appeared. The cartilage canals contained arterioles, venules and capillaries. One fifth of the canals contained lymphatics, with thin overlapping endothelium and no basement membrane. Anchoring filaments were found connecting the lymphatic endothelium and collagenous fibres, especially around proliferating zone and the centre of epiphysis. Conclusion The fetal tibial epiphyseal cartilage canals contains lymphatics, which may be a important part of cartilage canal.

关 键 词：长骨骨骺软骨管 淋巴管 形态特征 电子显微镜 

分 类 号：R726.8[医药卫生—儿科]