我国各级医院医师对普通感冒认知与诊治现状的调查  

A survey of knowledge on common cold and its treatment situation among physicians from various levels of hospitals in China's Mainland

作　　者：苏楠[1] 林江涛[1] 刘关键[2] 马利军[3] 邱晨 刘春涛[5] 林燕萍[6] 殷凯生[7] 白春学[8] 陈明伟[9] 刘华[10] 陈萍[11] 

机构地区：[1]卫生部中日友好医院呼吸内科,100029 [2]四川大学华西医院中国循证医学中心 [3]河南省人民医院呼吸内科 [4]深圳市人民医院 [5]四川大学华西医院呼吸内科 [6]天津市胸科医院呼吸内科 [7]江苏省人民医院呼吸内科 [8]复旦大学中山医院呼吸内科 [9]西安交通大学第一医院呼吸内科 [10]甘肃省人民医院呼吸内科 [11]沈阳军区总医院呼吸内科

出　　处：《中华内科杂志》2012年第4期266-269,共4页Chinese Journal of Internal Medicine

摘　　要：目的通过了解各级医院医师对普通感冒的认知程度、诊断、感冒药物的用药习惯，为今后开展医学继续教育及合理用药提供参考依据。方法采用自行设计的感冒调查表，就医师一般情况、对感冒的认知与治疗向既往3个月内处治过感冒的医师进行问卷调查。结果实际共计调查1001名医师。749名（74．83％）医师认为感冒是指“普通感冒和流行性感冒”，其中79．84％（293／367）的住院医师和56．76％（42／74）的主任医师认为感冒是指“普通感冒和流行性感冒”；745名（74．43％）医师认为感冒一般病程为4～7d；895名（89．41％）医师认为老年人是最易出现感冒并发症的人群；669名（66．83％）医师认为冬季最易出现感冒；841名（84．02％）医师使用临床诊断方法诊断感冒；736名（73．53％）医师认为感冒虽然是一种自限性疾病，充分对症治疗可以减轻症状、改善生活质量，若病情加重应及时就医；745名（74．43％）医师认为临床治疗感冒时首选治疗方案为对症治疗，61．60％（494／802）的医师是根据患者的临床症状进行处方感冒药物，505名（54．24％）医师临床治疗感冒时选择复方感冒药物，但仍有43名（4．30％）医师选择了抗菌药物治疗感冒。结论我国临床医师对感冒的认知与治疗水平存在误区和差异，需进一步规范，应根据国内外指南规范感冒的诊疗行为。Objective To investigate the cognition of the common cold and current situation of the treatment among physicians from various levels of hospitals in Chinese mainland, so as to provide evidence for future continuing medical education and rational medication. Methods A questionnaire designed for this survey was used to learn about the general information, cognitive degree of the common cold and prescription habits of physician who prescribed for cold within last three months, from various levels hospitals. Results A total of 1001 physicians were interviewed. Among them, 749 physicians chose right options that the cold was the common cold and the influenza with 79. 84% in resident physicians and 56. 76% in chief physicians. A total of 745 physicians chose options that the course of common cold will be lasting 4 to 7 days; 895 physicians chose options that old people are the most susceptible for complication; 669 physicians thought the common cold was the most common infection in winter; 841 physicians used clinical methods to diagnose the common cold; 736 physicians thought although the cold was a kind of seif-limited disease and symptomatic treatment could alleviate symptoms and improve life quality, patients should see doctor in time if it turns to severer; and 745 physicians held the opinion that treatment of the common cold should focus on relieving symptoms first. In addition, 61.60% physicians had made prescription based on clinical symptoms; 505（ 54. 24% ） of them thought compound drugs were priority in treating the common cold. However, there were still 43 physicians prescribed antibiotics for common cold. Conclusions There is misunderstanding and discrepancy in cognition towards common cold and treatment among physicians from various levels of hospticals in China's Mainland. Physicians should standardize diagnosis and treatment for the common cold according to the domestic and foreign guidelines.

关 键 词：感冒 认知 诊断 治疗 问卷调查 

分 类 号：R511.6[医药卫生—内科学]