热动力学的稳态与非饱和土的临界状态  

Thermodynamic steady state and critical state for unsaturated soils

作　　者：赵成刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学土建学院,北京100044

出　　处：《岩土工程学报》2012年第4期730-733,共4页Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51078019);国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(973)(2010CB732100);北京市自然科学基金项目(8112024)

摘　　要：临界状态的概念是临界状态土力学中最重要的概念之一,它是临界状态土力学的基石。但到目前为止,非饱和土临界状态的明确的定义以及到达临界状态的必要条件还没有清晰地给出。基于热力学的理论,推导给出了非饱和土变形过程到达最终点即稳态的约束条件。指出非饱和土变形过程到达最后的结束状态就是稳定平衡状态(简称稳态),而这种稳态针对非饱和土而言,就是其临界状态;非饱和土的临界状态是具有普适性的热力学过程的稳态的特殊情况。与基于实验给出的非饱和土临界状态的条件相比,给出的非饱和土临界状态的约束条件是更具完备性和一般性,并且是基于严格的热力学的理论推导得到的,而不是根据某一特殊非饱和土样本的实验结果给出的结论。The critical state is one of the most important concepts in modern soil mechanics. But so far the clear definition of the critical state for unsaturated soils and the necessary conditions and constraints to reach the critical state for unsaturated soils have not been well given. Based on the theory of thermodynamics, the conditions and constraints to attain to the steady state of thermodynamic process for unsaturated soils are proposed, and it is pointed out that the steady state of deformation process for unsaturated soils is the ultimate of deformation process and it is just the concept of the critical state for unsaturated soils. The proposed conditions and constraints to attain to the critical state of deformation process for unsaturated soils are more general and complete with more rigorous thermodynamic theory, and are not just dependent on the results from the tests on the specific samples of the particular unsaturated soils.

关 键 词：临界状态 非饱和土 热力学过程的稳态 

分 类 号：TU47[建筑科学—结构工程]