玉米花粉扩散频率及距离研究  

Diffusion Frequency and Distance Assessment of Corn Pollen

作　　者：卢宗志[1] 江晓东[2] 张明[3] 宋新元[3] 刘娜[3] 邵改革[3] 郑建波[1] 胡继超[2] 胡凝[2] 姚克敏[2] 冯芬芬[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林省农业科学院植物保护研究所,吉林公主岭136100 [2]南京信息工程大学应用气象学院,南京210044 [3]吉林省农业科学院生物技术研究中心,长春130033

出　　处：《玉米科学》2012年第2期149-152,共4页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：转基因生物新品种培育重大专项(2009ZX08011-019B)

摘　　要：利用紫色玉米紫糯18作为花粉供体,常规玉米吉单35作为花粉受体,通过模拟玉米花粉扩散实验,研究玉米外源基因向周围环境遗传漂流的频率和距离。结果表明,玉米花粉的扩散频率和距离与供、受体花粉的数量、花粉活力持续的时间及玉米散粉时的气象条件有直接关系。不同玉米品种花粉产量不同,紫糯18的单株花粉平均产量干重为3.251 5 g,吉单35为2.207 3 g。花粉的存活时间与空气湿度和温度有关,湿度高,气温低,花粉易存活。当基因的漂流阈值为1%时,供体与受体隔离距离应在45 m;当基因漂流阈值为0.1%时,隔离距离应为300 m。鉴于转基因玉米的特殊性,建议将0.1%作为转基因玉米基因漂流的管理阈值。In order to assess the exogenous gene diffusion of GMO corn and biosafety, the research assessed the diffusion frequency and distance of corn pollen used PrPr corn（Zinuol 8, pollen donor） and yellow regular corn （Ji- dan35, pollen acceptor）. The results showed that the diffusion frequency and distance of corn pollen were directly re- lated to pollen numbers of donor and recipient, the duration of pollen viability and climatic conditions during pollen-shedding. Different corn varieties had different pollen numbers. The dry pollen weight of Zinuol8 and Jidan35 were 3.251 5 g and 2.207 3 g, respectively. The duration of pollen viability is related to air humidity and temperature. Pollen easy survives, when humidity is higher and temperature is lower. The isolation distance of pollen donor and acceptor needs to keep 45 m and 300 m respectively when gene flow threshold values are 1% and 0.1%. In consideration of GMO corn and biosafety, we suggested that gene flow threshold of GMO corn is 0.1%.

关 键 词：玉米 花粉散布 基因漂流 生物安全性 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]