甘肃河东雨养农业区土壤水分变化规律的研究  

STUDY ON SOIL WATER RESOURCES IN RAIN-FED AGRICULTURAL REGION OF GANSU PROVINCE

作　　者：杨兴国[1] 柯晓新[1] 张旭东[1] 万信[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州干旱气象研究所,兰州730020

出　　处：《应用气象学报》2000年第2期205-212,共8页Journal of Applied Meteorological Science

基　　金：甘肃省气象局"土壤 -作物 -大气连续体内水分运动规律"项目资助

摘　　要：利用甘肃雨养农业区 1 1个站点的土壤湿度资料及其相关的气象资料分析了该区域土壤水分时空变化规律、降雨量的补给和作物土壤水分状况 .该区域土壤含水量自东南向西北减小 ,变异系数增大 .土壤水分不足区水分变化主要集中在 90 cm以上 ,而土壤水分严重不足区、作物生育关键期土壤水分不足区和土壤水分充足区水分变化深度可达 1 80 cm左右 .雨季降雨量对土壤水分补给率的地域变化范围为 1 5.3%～ 41 .7% ;补给率除受降雨量的影响外 ,土壤类型也是一个重要的制约因子 .除成县、临夏和西峰外 ,其余各站在小麦生育期水分亏缺量均超过 1 0 0 mm,占需水量的 30 %～ 50 % .Based on the soil moisture data of eleven stations and related meteorological data in rain fed agricultural region of Gansu province, the spatial temporal law of soil moisture variation and the replenishment of precipitation and the conditions of soil water are analyzed. The soil moisture decreases from southeast to northwest whereas the variation coefficient increases in the region. The variation of soil moisture mainly occurs above 90 cm depth in the region where soil moisture is insufficient and 180 cm depth or so in other three regions. The regional variation of the replenishment ratio of precipitation is about 15.3%～41.7%.In addition to the impact of precipitation on replenishment ratio, the soil type is also an important restrictive factor to replenishment. The water deficit exceeds 100 mm during wheat growing season in all stations except Chengxian, Lingxia and Xifeng, and the ratio of water deficit to wheat water requirement is about 30%～50%.

关 键 词：雨养农业 土壤水分 变异系数 补给率 变化规律 

分 类 号：S16[农业科学—农业气象学]