持久抗病基因Yr18在中国小麦抗条锈育种中的应用  

Application of Durable Resistance Gene Yr18 to Stripe Rust in Chinese Wheat Breeding

作　　者：曾庆东[1] 吴建辉[1] 王琪琳[1] 韩德俊[1] 康振生[1] 

机构地区：[1]旱区作物逆境生物学国家重点实验室,西北农林科技大学,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2012年第1期13-17,共5页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：农业部公益性行业(农业)计划项目(200903035-02);国家自然科学基金项目(30871603);高等学校学科创新引智计划资助项目(B07049)

摘　　要：持久抗病基因Lr34/Yr18/pm38赋予小麦对叶锈、条锈和白粉的广谱抗性。为明确该基因在我国的分布及应用状况,对495份生产小麦品种或高代系和30份小麦核心种质进行了抗病鉴定,并以该基因特异性标记cssfr3和cssfr5对Lr34/Yr18/pm38位点进行精确检测。结果显示,Lr34/Yr18/pm38基因位点在成株期对我国所有小种都表现中度抗病。分子检测结果显示,Lr34/Yr18/pm38基因位点在生产品种和高代品系中比例很低,只有2.02%;而在核心种质中的比例却很高,达到13.3%。这表明,这一基因位点曾在我国广泛应用,但在随后的育种过程中逐步丢失。The gene locusLr34/Yr18/pm38 , conferring broad spectrum resistances to leaf rust, stripe rust, and powdery mildew, is present in a large number of wheat cultivars. To verify the distribution of this locus among Chinese cultivars, two new sets of Gene-specific markers （cssfr3 and cssfrS） were used for unambiguous identification of Lr34/YrlS/pm38 in a variety of wheat genotypes. A total of 525 entries, including 495 wheat cultivars and advanced lines, a core collection of 30 lines which were widely used historical varieties, were evaluated for their stripe rust resistance. The results showed the Lr34/YrlS/pm38 gene locus maintained moderate resistance to the major prevalent Chinese stripe rust races at the adult stage. After screening with molecular markers, the proportion of the lines with Lr34/YrlS/pm38 gene locus among the tested cultivars and advanced lines was only 2.02%, while 4 of 30 （13.3~） lines in the core collection contained thisLr34/YrlS/pm38 gene locus. The fact that the ratio of wheat genotypes carrying Lr34/Yr18/pm38 in the core collection was much greater than that in the cultivars and advanced lines, implied that this gene locus had been widely used previously.

关 键 词：小麦 条锈病 Lr34/Yr18/pm38 分子检测 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S330