遥感和GIS支持下的龙羊峡库区土地沙漠化动态研究  

Dynamic Monitoring of Desertification with RS and GIS in Longyangxia Reservoir Area

作　　者：沙占江[1] 曾永年[1] 马海州[1] 李玲琴[1] 曹广超[1] 杨萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]青海师范大学青藏高原资源环境研究中心,西宁810008

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2000年第1期51-54,共4页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：国家自然基金!( 4 95 610 0 6)

摘　　要：地处高寒干旱与半干旱自然环境的龙羊峡库区生态环境脆弱 ,加之不合理的人为经济活动影响加剧了沙漠化正过程 ,使本区土地沙漠化普遍发生 ,威胁到水库的生产、发展 ,严重影响着库区经济持续稳定地发展。通过多时相、多波段 TM影像 (1987、1996 ) ,结合实地考察 ,以 IDRISI、ARC/ INFO、ARCVIEW等为核心软件 ,以 P 微机为主平台实现遥感与 GIS一体化 ,建立了易操作可运行的龙羊峡库区地理信息系统 ,在系统支持下对库区土地沙漠化进行动态监测研究。表明土地沙漠化现象日趋严重 ,严重沙漠化土地面积日益扩大 ,平均以 2 1km2 · a- 1 的速度递增 ,沙漠化正过程迅速发展。造成沙漠化普遍发展的主导因子是自然因素 ,但人为因素也不容忽视 ,不合理的经济活动加剧了沙漠化正过程发展。The eco environmental condition in Longyangxia reservoir area is worse and worse in recent years. This place is in the high arid and semi arid region in Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, it is one of desertified development areas in our country. The desertification was intensified by irrational economic activities, such as reclaiming, animal husbandry. The desertification occurs in most of grassland. The sustainable development and stability of society is affected by severe desertification. Based on the remote sensing information with multi temporal(1987,1996), multi spectral as well as investigation in spot, dynamic monitoring of desertification is worked out with GIS, in which some softwares, such as IDRISI, ARC/INFO, ARCVIEW and so on, and PⅡ microcomputer act as main tools and equipment. Supported by this system, through a series function of GIS, such as attributive items adding, updating, spatial analysis and so on, being operated, the dynamic information of desertification and corresponding maps are obtained in Longyangxia reservoir area from 1987 to 1996, therefore, dynamic monitoring of desertification is carried out. The results show that desertification has much characteristics in this area, which include:firstly, the area of all kinds of desertified land is 8 236.78 km\+2 in 1996, it accounts for 71.5% of total area of this region, among which the very severe, severe, on going and potential desertified land are respectively 10\^9%, 1\^3%, 10\^3% and 49%. The very severe desertified land has been increased purely 189\^11 km\+2 in nine years from 1987 to 1996 in Longyangxia reservoir area. The average spreading rate of desertification is 21 km\+2 per year. Secondly, although the desertified land has been reversed in some areas, the positive course of desertification trends to be intensified, in which the on going and very severe desertified land play an important role, it indicates that the rate of desertification is very quick. The grasslands as well as ecological environment of this area have been deg

关 键 词：龙羊峡库区 土地沙漠化 遥感 GIS 

分 类 号：S288[农业科学—农业水土工程] X87[农业科学—农业工程]