发达国家碳捕集、利用与封存技术及其启示  

Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage Technology Development in Developed Countries and Inspirations to China

作　　者：仲平[1] 彭斯震[1] 张九天[1] 贾莉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国21世纪议程管理中心,北京100038

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2012年第4期25-28,共4页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑计划重大项目"我国应对全球环境变化的科技战略研究专题"(编号:2007BAC03A12-5);"应对气候变化国家评估报告"编写专题(编号:2007BAC03A12-6)

摘　　要：碳捕集、利用与封存(CCUS)被认为是进行温室气体深度减排最重要的技术路径之一。文章总结了当前欧美等发达国家CCUS技术发展特点,包括加强国家层面技术政策的指导和宏观协调;加大政府投入以引导私有投资开展全流程CCUS项目示范;建立跨行业、跨领域的CCUS合作平台,加速技术成果的转化和知识、经验的共享;重视法律法规、管理制度和规范、技术标准、公众接受度等技术应用"软环境"的建设等。通过对比中国CCUS技术发展现状,指出我国存在的主要不足,并提出应加强国家层面的技术政策指导和宏观协调,推动建设行业间技术合作平台,适时启动全流程示范项目计划,重视技术应用软环境建设和加强国际合作等有针对性的政策建议。Carbon capture, utilization and storage （CCUS） technology has been expected to realize the near zero emission of fossil fuel use. The paper summarizes the characteristics of CCUS technology development in advanced developed countries, including strengthening overall coordination and policy guidance at national level, leveraging private finance on integrated large scale CCUS demonstration by investing government fund, establishing cross-sector platform, expediting technical cooperation and knowledge sharing, establishing soft environment of technological application on legal and regulatory framework, administrative structure, technical standards, etc.. The paper identifies the main shortcomings of CCUS in China and puts forward some suggestions ： to develop national policy to guide and coordinate the development of CCUS technology; to promote inter-sector cooperation on CCUS technology R＆D by establishing cross-sector cooperation platform ; to develop full-chain large scale demonstration ; to underscore the importance of research on non-technical issues and lastly to strengthen international technical cooperation and knowledge sharing.

关 键 词：碳捕集与封存(CCS) 碳捕集 利用与封存(CCUS) 减缓 气候变化 技术政策 

分 类 号：F206[经济管理—国民经济]