苯胺、硝基苯胺对大蒜根尖细胞的遗传毒性效应  

Genetic Toxicity of Aniline and Nitroaniline on the Root Tip Cells of Allium sativum

作　　者：丛娟[1] 李连贵[1] 宫莉[1] 

机构地区：[1]长春工业大学化学与生命科学学院,长春130012

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2012年第6期1142-1145,1155,共5页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：吉林省科技厅重大科技发展计划项目(20096021)

摘　　要：采用植物细胞核畸变技术,研究了苯胺和硝基苯胺的浓度、染毒时间对大蒜根尖细胞的遗传毒性效应。结果表明,苯胺和硝基苯胺均能抑制大蒜根尖细胞的有丝分裂,诱发较高频率的核畸变。在相同浓度或染毒时间条件下,硝基苯胺的遗传毒性要显著地强于母体化合物苯胺。当溶液浓度为3.0 mg/L时,邻硝基苯胺和对硝基苯胺染毒处理4 h、间硝基苯胺染毒处理5 h,可使大蒜根尖细胞微核率和总畸变率均达到最大值,分别为49.18‰、45.67‰、43.13‰和7.90%、7.32%、6.98%,之后随着溶液浓度的增大与染毒时间的延长,微核率和总畸变率呈下降趋势,但均高于对照和苯胺处理。该研究可为苯胺、硝基苯胺环境污染的质量评估提供技术参考。The genotoxic effects of the aniline and nitroaniline on root tip cells of Allium sativum L.were studied using the technique of plant cell nucleus aberrance. The results showed that both aniline and nitroaniline could inhibit the mitosis of root tip cell of A. sativum and induce a higher frequency of nuclear aberrance. The genetic toxicity of nitroaniline was stronger than that of aniline in the same conditions of concentration and exposure time. When the root tip cells were treated for 4 h with ortho-nitroaniline and p-nitroaniline and 5 h with m-nitroaniline at the concentration of 3.0 mg/L, the micronu- cleus rate and total aberration rate reached the maximum of 49.18‰, 45.67‰, 43.13‰, and 7.90%, 7.32%, 6.98% re- spectively. After that the micronucleus rate and total aberration rate showed a decreasing trend as the concentration and expo- sure time increasing, but higher than the control and aniline treatment group. The study provided a technical reference for the evaluation of aniline and nitroaniline environmental pollution.

关 键 词：苯胺 硝基苯胺 大蒜 根尖细胞 遗传毒性 

分 类 号：O623.731[理学—有机化学] Q355[理学—化学]