基于GPS的北极冰川表面地形测量与制图  

TOPOGRAPHIC SURVEY ON THE SURFACE OF GLACIER AUSTRE LOVNBREEN AND PEDERSENBREEN IN SVALBARD BASED ON GPS METHOD

作　　者：艾松涛[1,2] 王泽民[1,2] 鄂栋臣[1,2] 庞小平[1,2] 周春霞[1,2] 闫明[3] 孙维君[4] 刘海燕[2] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学测绘学院中国南极测绘研究中心,湖北武汉430079 [2]极地测绘科学国家测绘局重点实验室,湖北武汉430079 [3]中国极地研究中心,上海200136 [4]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《极地研究》2012年第1期53-59,共7页Chinese Journal of Polar Research

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)(2009AA12Z133);极地科学战略研究基金(20080203;20100103);极地测绘科学国家测绘局重点实验室开放研究基金(200804)资助;国家海洋局极地考察办公室对现场考察以及研究项目的资助

摘　　要：自2005年以来,中国科学考察队员利用双频GPS在北极黄河站附近的Austre Lovénbreen和Pedersenbreen两条冰川上每年一次开展高精度的冰川运动观测,获取了冰川表面监测标杆的精确位置和运动速度。2009年4月,中国科学考察队员在这两条冰川上开展了密集的GPS点位数据采集,借此开展北极两条冰川的冰面地形测量。在分析单频GPS动态单点定位数据用于冰面地形测量的可行性基础上,经过平差计算获得了两条冰川的冰面地形数据,进而生成冰面DEM和等高线,制作冰面地形图。经与高精度控制点比较,冰面DEM高程的误差为0.78 m,在冰川季节性高程波动和年消融的变化范围之内。由于SMART-V1型GPS设备是当前冰川研究工作中应用较多的pulseEKKO型探地雷达配套的一个重要部件,本文的结论对于同类仪器开展冰川测量工作具有参考价值,对基于高密度的GPS动态单点定位测量方法用于冰面地形测量的数据处理具有指导意义。Since 2005,the Chinese Arctic National Research Expedition（CHINARE） has carried out highly precise GPS measurements on two glaciers,Austre Lovénbreen and Pedersenbreen near the Chinese Arctic Yellow River station,acquiring precise locations of observation poles on the two glaciers.In April 2009,CHINARE acquired high density GPS point positioning data on the two glaciers with a Novatel SMART-V1 GPS instrument,which is an integrated single frequency GPS receiver.This paper introduced the field work of the topographic surveying using the SMART-V1 GPS,analyzed the possibility of using single frequency GPS point positioning data for topographic surveying on glaciers,and acquired the digital elevation model of the glaciers’ surface.Contour lines were then produced in Arcmap and the contour data exported into CorelDraw for mapping.The precision of the adjusted GPS point positioning data reach 0.78 m apart from altitude.This is less than the altitude change in seasonal wave and the year-round melting.As a widely used component in the pulse EKKO GPR,the SMART-V1 GPS receiver is capable of topographic surveying on glaciers,and the data processing method in this paper is of use to similar studies.

关 键 词：北极黄河站 冰川 GPS 地形图 

分 类 号：P228.4[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程] P343.6[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]