拉萨河流域蒸发力估算:改进道尔顿模型  

Estimating Potential Evaporation in Lhasa River Basin: Improved Dalton Model

作　　者：史海匀[1] 傅旭东[1] 王远见[1] 王光谦[1] 巩同梁[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室,北京100084 [2]西藏自治区水利厅,西藏拉萨850000

出　　处：《应用基础与工程科学学报》2012年第2期219-227,共9页Journal of Basic Science and Engineering

基　　金：科技部十一五科技支撑课题(2007BAC06B06)

摘　　要：在地势变化剧烈、影响因素空间分布不均匀的高山深谷地区,蒸发力具有显著的空间差异性,造成了空间分布的困难.本文在分析拉萨河流域蒸发力与水汽压差、水-气温差、气温、风速等实测气象因子相关性的基础上,检验了基于水-气温差修正的道尔顿模型结构(全国通用公式)的适用性,提出了基于水-气温差和气温修正的道尔顿模型.残差分析和模型验证表明,新模型满足回归模型充分性假设,适用于拉萨河流域,从而为测站稀疏的拉萨河流域蒸发力的空间分布研究奠定了基础.Potential evaporation is characterized by significant inhomogeneity over regions with high mountains and deep valleys.It is usually difficult to map sparse potential evaporation data over such regions for hydrological modeling and water resources management.This paper presented an analysis of potential evaporation estimation model for such a region,the Lhasa River basin in Tibet,China.The correlation of potential evaporation with the monitored meteorological factors including the water vapor pressure difference,air water temperature difference,air temperature,and wind speed,was analyzed.The applicability of the Dalton model corrected with air water temperature difference and believed to be universal for use in China was examined.An improved Dalton model that is corrected with both air water temperature difference and air temperature was then proposed.Residual error analysis proved its adequacy and verification against the monitored data showed its applicability.The improved model would be useful for mapping potential evaporation data over the Lhasa River basin.

关 键 词：蒸发力 道尔顿模型 拉萨河流域 

分 类 号：TV212.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源]