内生真菌与两种兜兰共培养过程中的相互作用  

Interaction between Endophytic Fungi and Seedlings of Two Species of Paphiopedilum during Symbiotic Culture

作　　者：朱鑫敏[1,2] 胡虹[1] 李树云[1] 严宁[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院昆明植物研究所资源植物与生物技术实验室,云南昆明650201 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《植物分类与资源学报》2012年第2期171-178,共8页Plant Diversity

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30870239);云南省社会发展科技计划(2009CD116);国家林业局"极小种群回归"项目"杏黄兜兰回归自然及种群重建"

摘　　要：由硬叶兜兰(Paphiopedilum micranthum)和杏黄兜兰(P.armeniacum)根中分别分离得到瘤菌根菌属(Epulorhiza)真菌PM-1和美孢胶膜菌(Tulasnella calospora)PA-1。在DE培养基上,PM-1分别与硬叶兜兰和杏黄兜兰共培养,两种兜兰接菌苗的生物量以及Ca、Mn元素含量比对照组显著增加,表明PM-1能促进两种兜兰生长;PA-1对两种兜兰生长的影响不显著,但从干物重增长的百分率来看,PA-1对杏黄兜兰有一定的促进作用。PM-1对硬叶兜兰的影响高于杏黄兜兰,PA-1对杏黄兜兰的影响高于硬叶兜兰,表明真菌对宿主植物生长的促进作用更强。PM-1和PA-1在Harvais培养基上与杏黄兜兰共培养,两种真菌均对杏黄兜兰幼苗产生不利影响。结果表明,不同培养基养分水平能显著影响内生真菌与杏黄兜兰的共生关系,营养相对贫瘠的DE培养基有利于两者共生,而营养丰富的Harvais培养基不利于共生。Two fungi PM1 and PA1 were isolated from P.micranthum and P.armeniacum, respectively, the former belonged to Epulorhiza while the latter belonged to Tulasnella calospora. In this study, seedlings of P.armeniacum and P.micranthum were inoculated with PM1 on DE medium, the biomass and the content of Ca, Mn of both P.armeniacum and P.micranthum seedlings were higher than those in the control seedlings, which indicated that PM1 could improve the growth of those species. Seedlings of P.armeniacum and P.micranthum were inoculated with PA1 on DE medium, the biomass in both species was no difference with those in the control ones. But PA1 enhanced the dry weight of P.armeniacum according to the rate of dry weight increase. The impact of PM1 on P.micranthum was higher than on P.armeniacum, while PA1 impacted conversely, which demonstrated that fungi had stronger improving effect only on its own host plants instead of any other orchids. P.armeniacum seedlings were inoculated with PM1 and PA1 on Harvais medium. The growth of seedlings was inhibited by fungi. The results indicated that nutrient level of medium played an important role in affecting the symbiotic relationship between P.armeniacum seedings and endophytic fungi. Poornutrient medium was beneficial to the symbiotic relationship and nutrientrich medium was not conducive to the symbiosis.

关 键 词：硬叶兜兰 杏黄兜兰 内生真菌 瘤菌根菌 美孢胶膜菌 共培养 相互作用 

分 类 号：S682.31[农业科学—观赏园艺]