雾化吸人高剂量糖皮质激素对儿童中重度支气管哮喘急性发作的疗效  被引量:77

The efficacy of nebulized budesonide in acute moderate to severe exacerbations of asthma in children

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作  者:陈爱欢[1] 陈荣昌 湛洁谊[2] 黄穗[1] 林育能[1] 陈德晖[1] 杨翠珍[1] 钟南山[1] 

机构地区:[1]呼吸疾病国家重点实验室广州医学院第一附属医院,510120 [2]广州医学院第一附属医院儿科,510120

出  处:《中华结核和呼吸杂志》2012年第4期269-274,共6页Chinese Journal of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases

基  金:广东省自然科学基金资助项目(7002399);广东省卫生厅资助项目(A2003284)

摘  要:目的观察吸人糖皮质激素(ics)对儿童中~重度哮喘急性发作的疗效,探讨更有效、安全的儿童哮喘急性发作治疗方案。方法采用前瞻性、随机、双盲、安慰剂平行对照研究方法,将40例5-15岁(男30例,女10例)因哮喘急性发作急诊的儿童按随机数字表法随机分为吸入激素组(21例)和常规治疗组(19例),分别以氧动雾化吸人法吸人0.5%沙丁胺醇(150μg/kg)+0.025%溴化异丙托品(1m1)+0.05%布地奈德(2m1)或0.5%沙丁胺醇(150g/kg)+0.025%溴化异丙托品(1m1)+生理盐水(2m1),每30分钟雾化吸入1次,连用3次。治疗前、刚完成3次雾化吸入后(治疗后0h)、完成后1h(治疗后1h)、完成后2h(治疗后2h)分别测定肺通气功能、一tL,率(HR)、呼吸频率(Rlq_)、经皮测SaO:,进行临床计分(CS)。结果吸入激素组和常规治疗组治疗后CS、RR、SaO2、FEV1、FEV,占预计值%(FEV。%)均较治疗前明显改善(均P〈0.05),HR治疗前后比较差异无统计学意义(均P〉0.05)。治疗后2h吸入激素组和常规治疗组CS[中位数(四分位间距)]分别为0(0)分和0(1)分,吸入激素组明显低于常规治疗组(z=2.522,P=0.012)。两组问治疗前后RR、HR和SaO:比较差异均无统计学意义(均P〉0.05)。吸入激素组治疗后第1小时和第2小时FEV,占预计值%分别改善8.0%(6.8%)和5.5%(6.5%),常规治疗组分别改善6.0%(8.5%)和1.0%(6.5%),吸入激素组治疗后第2小时FEV,改善0.07(0.12)L,常规治疗组为0.01(0.10)L,两组间比较差异均有统计学意义(z值分别为2.270、2.686和2.455,均P〈0.05)。吸入激素组治疗后2h完全缓解率为85.0%(17/20),明显高于常规治疗组的50.o%(9/18),差异有统计学意义(∥=5.371,P=0.024)。吸入[ Abstract] Objective To evaluate the effect of nebulized budesonide (BUD) in acute moderate to severe exacerbations of asthma in children. Methods Forty children, 5 to 15 years of age, with acute moderate to severe attacks of asthma, were randomized into BUD group and control group, receiving nebulized 0. 5% salbutamol ( 150 μg/kg) + 0. 025% ipratropium bromide ( 1 ml) + 0. 05% budesonide ( 2 ml ) or nebulized 0. 5 % salbutamol ( 150 Ixg/kg) + 0. 025 % ipratropium bromide ( 1 ml) + saline ( 2 ml) at half-hourly intervals for 3 doses respectively. Lung function, respiratory rate ( RR), heart rate ( HR), oxygen saturation( SaO2 ) and clinical score(CS) were monitored. Results The baseline characteristics of the 2 groups were similar. After 3 doses of nebulization, CS, RR, SaO2, FEV1 and FEVI% weresignificantly improved in both groups( P 〈0.05). The CS in BUD group was significantly lower than that in control group at the end of 2 h after the third dose of nebulization 0 (0) vs 0 ( 1 ), Z = 2. 522, P = 0. 012. There were no significant differences in RR, HR and SaO2 between 2 groups(P 〉 O. 05 ). The improvement of FEV1% in the first hour and the second hour after 3 doses of nebulization was 8.0 ( 6. 8 ) % and 5.5 (6. 5) % in BUD group, and 6. 0 ( 8. 5 ) % and 1.0 ( 6. 5 ) % in control group, the improvement in BUD group being significantly greater than that in control group ( Z = 2. 270 and 2. 686, P = 0, 023 and 0. 007 respectively). The improvement of FE^1 in the second hour after 3 doses of nebulization was significantly greater in BUD group than in control group 0. 07(0. 12)L vs O. 01 (0. 10)L, Z =2. 455, P =0. 014. The full recovery rate in BUD group at the end of 2 h after completion of nebulization was significantly higher than that in control group( 17/20, 85.0% vs 9/18, 50. 0% , X2 = 5. 371 ,P = 0. 024). The proportion of patients who needed to use oral corticosteroids was significantly lower in BUD gro

关 键 词:儿童 哮喘 糖皮质激素类 

分 类 号:R725.6[医药卫生—儿科]

 

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