瓜尔豆花芽分化过程的形态解剖学研究  

Morphology and Anatomy of the Differentiation of Flower Buds in Clusterbean(Cyamopsis tetragonoloba)

作　　者：郑群[1] 吕国华[1] 李天来[2] 李格[1] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学农学院园艺系,石河子832003 [2]沈阳农业大学园艺学院蔬菜系/辽宁省设施园艺重点实验室,沈阳110161

出　　处：《石河子大学学报（自然科学版）》2012年第1期5-11,共7页Journal of Shihezi University(Natural Science)

基　　金：石河子大学高层次人才科研启动资金项目(RCZX200614)

摘　　要：采用实体解剖和石蜡切片,对瓜尔豆花序及花芽的分化和发育过程进行了初步研究。结果表明:瓜尔豆的花序为腋生总状花序,幼苗出土3d后即开始花序的分化,出苗4d后即开始第一花序第一小花的分化;花芽形态分化的进程可划分为:未分化期、花序分化期、花器官分化期、药隔和胚珠形成期、雌雄配子分化发育期等5个时期;雌雄配子体的发生及发育不同步:大孢子母细胞发生期始于小孢子四分体初期,单核胚囊期发生于单核花粉粒形成期;小孢子的胞质分裂方式属于连续型,胚囊为蓼型;花芽分化与花蕾发育具有相对稳定的相关性。The authors investgated the differentiation and development of inflorescences and flower buds in Cyamopsis tetragonoloba using the method of vivisection and paraffin section.The results indicated that the inflorescence of Cyamopsis tetragonoloba were axillary racemes.The inflorescence differentiation started from 3d after emergence,and the first floret differentiation of the first inflorescence started from 4 d.The morphological differentiation of flower bud can be divided into five phases：pre-differentiation stage,inflorescence differentiation stage,floral organs differentiation stage,connective and ovule formative stage,male and female gametophytes differentiation and development stage.The formation and growth of female and male gametophyte were not simultaneous.The macrospore mother cell began from the microspore tetrad period,and the single nucleus blastular stage originated from the single nucleus pollen grain formative stage.The microspore cytoplasmic meiosis belongs to successive type and the blastular was polygonum type.There is stable relation between flower bud differentiation and bud development.

关 键 词：瓜尔豆 花芽分化 花器官分化 形态特征 

分 类 号：S643.9[农业科学—蔬菜学]