自杀未遂的评估和综合干预  

The assessment and suicide intervention for attempted suicide in districts of Shanghai

作　　者：伍毅[1] 陈圣麒[1] 单怀海[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海市杨浦区精神卫生中心,200090 [2]上海市徐汇区精神卫生中心

出　　处：《精神医学杂志》2012年第2期121-124,共4页Journal of Psychiatry

基　　金：教育部重大攻关项目当代中国人精神生活调查研究成果之一(编号:039200026)

摘　　要：目的通过对自杀未遂者的调查与评估,了解自杀行为的相关因素,并进行综合自杀干预。方法本项研究使用自编的自杀未遂者调查登记表,采用精神科评定量表进行心理状态的评估与比较,并对自杀未遂者进行了综合干预和随访。结果 112例自杀未遂者为干预对象,99例(88.4%)被诊断为精神疾病,70例(62.5%)在本次自杀前1个月遭遇明显的生活事件和心理应激,摄入药物和其他化学物质是最常见的自杀方法[44例(49.3%)],95例(84.8%)经过心理治疗和药物治疗等综合干预取得了一定的效果。本项调查结果自杀未遂者女性明显多于男性;本次自杀年龄以青壮年居多。结论精神障碍是自杀未遂的主要危险因素之一,综合干预对自杀行为有一定的效果。建议加强对自杀未遂者的精神科评估,并对自杀未遂者进行长期随访和跟踪研究。Objective To explore the related factors of suicidal behavior and to take suicide intervention for attempted suicide. Methods Self- designed attempted suicide registration form was used for sample collecting. The mental status were assessed and analyzed by using psychiatric rating scales. All the attempted suicide individuals were intervented and were followed up. Results Among all the 112 individuals with attempted suicide behavior recruited in the study, females （65 cases） were significantly more than males （47 cases）, 99 cases （88.4%） were diagnosed as mental disorders, and 70 cases （62.5%） suffered from serious life events or mental stresses within 1 month before the suicidal behavior. Intake of medicine or other chemical materials （44 cases, 49.3 % ） was the most common method of suicide. 95 cases （84.8%） reponsed to psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy. The suicidal behavior occured mainly in young adults. Conclusions Mental disorder is one of the main reasons for attempted suicide and the comprehensive intervention measures have effect on suicidal behavior. It is helpful to take psychiatric assessement and to carry out long term follow -up for individual with attempted suicide.

关 键 词：自杀未遂 综合医院 自杀干预 

分 类 号：C913.9[经济管理]