北京市城区老年人传染病相关知识、行为和技能调查  

Survey of knowledge,behaviors and skills relating to infectious diseases among the elderly in the urban of Beijing

作　　者：马春娜[1] 杨鹏[1] 吴双胜[1] 张奕[1] 黎新宇[1] 王全意[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市疾病预防控制中心传染病地方病控制所,北京100013

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2012年第4期332-334,共3页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

基　　金：国家863计划(2008AA02Z416)

摘　　要：目的了解北京市城区老年人传染病相关知识、行为和技能方面的现况,为政府制定传染病防控策略提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段抽样法从东城、西城和海淀3个区抽取1 350名60岁及以上的常住居民作为调查对象,使用自行设计的北京市居民传染病健康素养调查问卷进行调查。结果 "发热判断标准"(34.4%)、"乙肝的传播途径"(23.3%)、"艾滋病的传播途径"(35.6%)等知识的知晓率均较低,"注射流感疫苗"(40.5%)、"到发热门诊带口罩"(20.9%)等行为的报告率均较低,"能获取想要的传染病知识"(42.8%)、"能看懂简单的化验单"(51.8%)、"能看懂药品说明书"(58.0%)等技能的掌握率均较低。不同文化程度老年人的传染病知识知晓率、部分传染病相关行为报告率和技能掌握率的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论北京市城区老年人传染病相关知识知晓率、行为报告率和技能掌握率均较低,应加强老年人传染病相关知识的宣传教育,促使其形成良好的卫生习惯,并提高其传染病防控技能。Objective To know the status of knowledge,behaviors and skills relating to infectious diseases among the elderly in the urban of Beijing,and to develop more effective strategies for controlling infectious diseases.Methods 1 350 residents aged 60 years and above were recruited by using multi-stage sampling.The information on knowledge,behaviors and skills about infectious diseases among the elderly was collected by using a self-designed questionnaire.Results The awareness rates of knowledge were 35.6%below,such as ＂the definition of fever＂,＂the transmission of hepatitis B＂ and ＂the transmission of AIDS＂.The report rates of behaviors on ＂injecting the flu vaccine＂ and ＂using of face mask at fever clinics＂ were less than 40.5%.Most of master rates of skills relating to infectious diseases were less than 58.0%,such as ＂getting the desired knowledge of infectious diseases＂,＂reading simple laboratory test＂ and ＂reading drugs instructions＂.We also found that the awareness rates of knowledge,most of behaviors rates and skills rates were different among different education levels.Conclusions The findings suggested that the elderly in the urban were short of knowledge,health behaviors and necessary skills relating to infectious diseases,and more measures should be taken to improve their knowledge,behaviors and skills.

关 键 词：传染病 老年人 问卷调查 流行病学研究 

分 类 号：R181.2[医药卫生—流行病学]