河流廊道绿带结构的温湿效应  

Effects of the Different Structures of Green Belts on the Temperature and Humidity in River Corridors

作　　者：纪鹏[1,2] 朱春阳[3] 李树华[1,4] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院,北京100193 [2]黑龙江八一农垦大学农学院,大庆163319 [3]华中农业大学风景园林系,武汉430070 [4]清华大学建筑学院,北京100084

出　　处：《林业科学》2012年第3期58-65,共8页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30972416);黑龙江省青年科学基金项目(QC2010042)

摘　　要：选择北京北五环清河两侧不同结构类型(内部构成、郁闭度)的绿地作为研究对象,利用小尺度定量测定的技术方法,分析城市河流廊道绿地不同内部构成、不同郁闭度与温湿效应的关系,为河流廊道绿带建设提供科学依据。结果显示:1)温湿影响效应大小为乔-灌-草型>乔-草型>灌-草型>草坪。当绿地内部构成为草坪时,降温增湿效应不明显;当绿地内部构成为灌-草型时,其降温增湿效应较明显;当绿地内部构成为乔-草型和乔-灌-草型时,其降温增湿效果明显。2)绿地的降温增湿效果,随着郁闭度的不断增加而逐渐增强。当绿地郁闭度为0.20～0.40时,绿地具有一定的降温增湿效应,但效应不明显;当绿地郁闭度大于0.40时,绿地降温效应明显;当绿地郁闭度超过0.60时,绿地增湿效应极其明显且趋于稳定。In order to understand scientific basis for constructing green belts in river corridors, the effects of the different structures （internal constitution, canopy closure density） of green belts on the temperature and humidity were analyzed by the smallscale quantitative measurement. In this paper, fourgreen belts with different internal constitutions including treeshrubherbage mixture, treeherbage mixture, shrubherbage mixture and lawn and fivegreen belts with different canopy closure densities including 0 0.20, 0.20 0.40, 0.40 0.60, 0.60 0.80 and 0.80 1.00 along the Qinghe river in Beijing were investigated in July of 2010 . The air temperature and relative humidity in the green belts were measured in two hour interval from 8：00 to 18：00 for continuous seven days. The results showed： 1 ） the effects of different belts on the temperature and humidity were ranked in an order of treeshrubherbage 〉 treeherbage 〉 shrub herbage 〉 lawn. The green belt with internal constitution of lawn had no significant effect on temperature and humidity. The shrubherbage green belt had a moderate effect on temperature reduction and humidity increase, and an obvious and stable effect was found with the green belts of treeherbage and treeshrubherbage. Based on Duncan~ Post Hoe Tests （P = 0.05） , it was concluded that the treeherbage and treeshrub herbage of urban green belts had obvious effects on the temperature decrease and humidity increase （width of green belt must be about 45 m）. 2） The temperature and relative humidity benefits increased with the canopy density of the green belt. The green belt with canopy density of O. 20 0.40 had a slight effect on the temperature decrease and humidity increase ; The density of over 0.40 had an obvious effect, and an extremely obvious and stable effect was found with canopy density of over 0.60.

关 键 词：河流廊道 绿带 内部构成 郁闭度 温湿效应 

分 类 号：S718.56[农业科学—林学]