沂蒙山区典型小流域次暴雨的氮磷输出特征  

Output Characteristics of Non-point Nitrogen and Phosphorus from a Typical Small Watershed in Yimeng Mountainous Area during a Rainstorm

作　　者：李振炜[1,2] 吴迪[3] 于兴修[2] 井光花[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学人口资源与环境学院,山东济南250014 [2]临沂大学水土保持与环境保育研究所,山东省水土保持与环境保育重点实验室,山东临沂276005 [3]水利部淮河水利委员会淮河流域水土保持监测中心站,安徽蚌埠233001

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2012年第12期7269-7270,7312,共3页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：临沂市重大科技创新项目(201011019);山东省科技攻关项目(2009GG10006015);水利部淮委科技项目(SBJ2010003)

摘　　要：[目的]揭示暴雨条件下沂蒙山区的氮磷流失特征。[方法]以沂蒙山区沂河上游的孟良崮小流域为例,对2010年8月12日一场暴雨的径流及氮磷流失动态过程进行了监测分析。[结果]暴雨条件下产流迅速,降雨强度峰值出现于流量峰值之前;铵态氮(AN)和总氮(TN)浓度先变大后趋于稳定,硝态氮(NN)降雨初期无明显变化,后期逐渐变大并趋于稳定;水溶性无机磷(DOP)浓度呈锯齿状变化,水溶性有机磷(DIP)、水溶性全磷(DP)、颗粒态全磷(PP)和全磷(TP)浓度先变大后趋于稳定,浓度峰值出现于流量峰值之前;TN和TP输出浓度较大,远超过水体富营养化的标准。[结论]该研究可为沂蒙山区农业非点源污染的合理治理提供科学依据。[Objective] The study aimed to reveal the output characteristics of non-point nitrogen and phosphorus from a typical small watershed in Yimeng mountainous area during a rainstorm.[Method] The dynamic changes of pollutant concentrations and precipitation runoff during the rainstorm on August 12,2010 were monitored at the outlet of Menglianggu watershed.[Result] During the rainstorm,the generation of runoff was sudden and ephemeral,and the peak of the runoff lagged behind that of rainfall intensity;the concentration of AN and TN increased firstly and then tended to be stable,while the concentration of NN had no significance change at the beginning of the rainfall,then improved gradually and tended to be stable finally;the concentration of DOP had no significance change during the rainstorm,but the concentration of DIP,DP,PP and TP rose firstly and then tended to be stable,and the peaks of their concentrations appeared before the peak of the flow.In addition,the output concentration of TN and TP was far higher than the standard concentration of water eutrophication.[Conclusion] The study can provide scientific references for the reasonable control of non-point source pollution pollution in Yimeng mountainous area.

关 键 词：降雨径流 暴雨 氮磷流失 沂蒙山区 

分 类 号：S161.6[农业科学—农业气象学] TV121.1[农业科学—农业基础科学]