粘土矿物在催化裂化催化剂中的应用  

Application of Clay Minerals in Catalytic Cracking Catalysts

作　　者：肖金凯[1] 荣天君[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地球化学研究所,贵州贵阳550002 [2]中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所

出　　处：《高校地质学报》2000年第2期282-286,共5页Geological Journal of China Universities

摘　　要：粘土矿物在催化裂化催化剂中的应用表现在三个方面 :(1)在无定形硅铝凝胶引入之前 ,活性白土的使用代表着一个历史阶段 ;(2 )层柱粘土的研究是目前国际上活跃的新型催化材料前沿课题之一 ,层柱蒙脱石的制备研究是当前最有吸引力的研究方向 ,铝多核羟基金属阳离子或有铝参与的多核羟基双金属阳离子柱化剂的研究制备是当前主要研究课题 ,并有从制备单一铝多核羟基聚合金属阳离子柱化剂向制备铝和其它元素的多核羟基聚合金属阳离子柱化剂的方向发展的趋势 ;(3)在寻求新催化剂载体中 ,伊 /蒙间层等矿物的层柱化显得尤为重要 ,用高岭土作催化裂化催化剂载体 ,在目前和将来的一段时间内仍将发挥重要作用 ,高岭土的成因、矿物成分、杂质含量、结构羟基的热稳定性以及物理性质等对催化特性均有影响 ,并有可能从中寻找到无活性载体。应加强催化剂载体的矿物学特征与催化特性间的相互关系研究。The application of clay minerals in catalytic cracking catalysts is discussed in three aspects in this paper. (1) Before the introduction of amorphous Si and Al gel, the activated white clay represented a historical period.(2) At present th e pillared clay study is one of the frontiers of new catalytic materials worldwi dely. The pillared montnorillonite is currently the most attractive trend in re seach. The pillars of Al multi-nucleus hydroxyl metallic cations or multi-nucl eus hydroxyl bimetallic cations with Al is a major topic at the moment. Furtherm ore there exists a tendeney of development trend in pillar research from the sin g le Al multi-nucleus hydroxyl polyxocation to the bimetallic multi-nucleus hydr oxyl polyxocation of Al and other metals. The pillared illite/smectite inte rstr atified clay minerals are very important for new catalyst carrier.(3) Using kaol inite as a catalytic cracking catalyst carrier is still playing a significant r ole at the present and in the near future. The catalytic properties of kaolinite are affected by the genesis, mineral compositions, impurities, thermal stabilit y of st ructural hydroxyl and physical properties. Searching for non-active carrier o ut of the natural kaolin may be possible. A study on relationship between the miner alogical characteristics and catalytic properties of catalysts should be stren gthened.

关 键 词：粘土矿物 催化裂化催化剂 层柱粘土 高岭土 

分 类 号：P578.94[天文地球—矿物学] P426.4[天文地球—地质学]