西北某边防部队耳鼻咽喉科常见疾病流行病学调查  

Epidemiology of otorhinolaryngologic diseases in frontier guards at the northwest border

作　　者：陈星睿[1] 胡小云[2] 孙江红[3] 韩维举[1] 

机构地区：[1]解放军总医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,北京100853 [2]军事科学院门诊部,北京100091 [3]兰州军区乌鲁木齐总医院耳鼻喉科,乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《军医进修学院学报》2012年第4期316-318,共3页Academic Journal of Pla Postgraduate Medical School

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(30973305)~~

摘　　要：目的调查西北某边防部队耳鼻喉科常见疾病的患病情况,为基层部队防治耳鼻喉科疾病提出建议。方法调查1 187名驻扎在海拔3 000-4 700米的官兵和1 795名驻扎在海拔1 100-1 200米沙漠周边非高原官兵耳鼻喉科常见疾病的患病情况,进行病史询问、专科检查。结果高原官兵常见耳鼻喉科疾病依次为干燥性鼻炎(7.58%)、耳廓冻伤(7.33%)、过敏性鼻炎(5.81%)、耵聍栓塞(2.61%)和耳鸣(1.52%);非高原官兵罹患的常见耳鼻喉科疾病依次为干燥性鼻炎(6.30%)、过敏性鼻炎(2.06%)、耵聍栓塞(0.61%)、耳鸣(0.33%)和鼓膜穿孔(0.28%)。干燥性鼻炎是最常见的耳鼻喉科疾病,两组患病率无统计学差异,耳廓冻伤高原组显著高于非高原组(P<0.01)。结论西北边防部队应注意预防干燥性鼻炎;高原官兵应加强耳部防护,预防冻伤。Objective To provide the suggestions for prevention and treatment of otorhinolaryngologic diseases in grass-root military units by investigating their prevalence in frontier guards at the northwest border.Methods The prevalence of common otorhinolaryngologic diseases was investigated in 1 187 officers and men stationed at highlands of 3 000-4 700 meters above sea level and 1 795 officers and men stationed at desert peripheral areas of 1 100-1 200 meters above sea level.Their medical history was asked and their ear,nose and throat were examined.Results The prevalence of rhinitis sicca,cold injury of auricle,allergic rhinitis,ceruminal impaction,and tinnitus was 7.58%,7.33%,5.81%,2.61%,and 1.52% respectively in the 1 187 officers and men stationed at highlands of 3 000-4 700 meters above sea level,while the prevalence of rhinitis sicca,allergic rhinitis,ceruminal impaction,tinnitus,and perforation of tympanic membrane was 6.30%,2.06%,0.61%,0.33%,and 0.28% respectively in the 1 795 officers and men stationed at desert peripheral areas of 1 100-1 200 meters above sea level.Rhinitis sicca was found to be the most common otorhinolaryngologic disease.No significant difference was found in the prevalence of rhinitis sicca between the two groups.The prevalence of auricle cold injury was significantly higher in the 1 187 officers and men stationed at highlands of 3 000-4 700 meters above sea level than in those stationed at desert peripheral areas of 1 100-1 200 meters above sea level（P0.01）.Conclusion Rhinitis sicca should be prevented in frontier guards at the northwest border.Auricles should be protected against cold injury in officers and men stationed at highlands.

关 键 词：高海拔 干燥性鼻炎 耳廓冻伤 流行病学 

分 类 号：R824[医药卫生—临床医学]