自由和必然:现代生活的重要范畴——兼谈《反杜林论》中恩格斯对“自由和必然”的认识  

Freedom and Necessity,An Important Category in Modern Life

作　　者：翟玉华[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学马克思主义学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《重庆邮电大学学报（社会科学版）》2012年第2期47-51,共5页Journal of Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications(Social Science Edition)

摘　　要："自由"和"必然"是哲学领域里的一对重要范畴,揭示的是人的自觉活动和客观规律之间的关系问题,很多哲学家对其作了研究,但大多只是感性的探讨,没有形成广被认可的理性认识,而恩格斯则在《反杜林论》里具体而深刻地论述了"自由"和"必然"的关系问题,为人们的认识和实践提供了经典的指导。在走向现代化的社会生活中,人的"自由"和"必然"之间矛盾凸显,使现代生活中的"人"成为"自由"和"必然"的统一体,这在一定程度上反映了现代社会的本质特征,"自由"和"必然"也成为现代生活领域里的重要范畴。我们应该在科学技术以及道德和法律的问题上承认、认识并利用、突破"必然",最大限度地实现人的"自由"生存和发展。＂Freedom＂ and ＂necessity＂ which are a pair of important categories in philosophy show the relationship between human＇s conscious activity and objective law. Many philosophers have done researches on ＂freedom and necessity＂, but such researches are only perceptual studies and not widely accepted. In Anti-Turin , Engels discourses the relationship of ＂freedom and necessity＂ specifically and profoundly, which provides a classic guide to people＇s activities. In the modernization of the society, there are so many contradictions between human＇s ＂freedom＂ and ＂necessity＂ , which make ＂human＂ in modern life become the contradictory entity of ＂liberty and necessity＂, and to some extent reflects the essential features of modern society. ＂Freedom and necessity＂ has also become important categories of modern life. We should acknowledge, understand and use, break through ＂necessity＂ in science and technology, as well as ethical and legal issues, to maximize individuals＇ ＂free＂ survival and development.

关 键 词：自由和必然 现代生活 范畴 《反杜林论》 

分 类 号：B0-0[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]