基于黄土沉积速率的土壤侵蚀危险度评价  

Assessment of Soil Erosion Risk Based on Loess Deposition Rate

作　　者：刘刚[1,2,3] 许文年[1] 蔡崇法[3] 刘普灵[2] 杨明义[2] 张琼[1] 

机构地区：[1]三峡大学三峡库区生态环境教育部工程研究中心,湖北宜昌443002 [2]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100 [3]华中农业大学农业部长江中下游耕地保育重点实验室,武汉430070

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2012年第2期19-21,25,共4页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：湖北省教育厅自然科学研究项目(Q20111207;XD20100595);黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室基金(10501-1211);中国博士后科学基金(2011049162);三峡大学基金项目(KJ2009B033)

摘　　要：土壤侵蚀危险度是评估和预测侵蚀作用破坏土地资源和生态环境危险性的重要指标,也是科学防治水土流失的基础。利用14 C测年技术对陕北黄土高原黄土沉积速率进行研究,并通过计算土壤侵蚀模数与黄土沉积速率的比值,对该研究区的土壤侵蚀危险度进行评价。结果表明:洛川县、延长县和横山县采样点的黄土沉积速率分别为0.017 9cm/a,0.015 3cm/a和0.021 3cm/a,土壤侵蚀危险度分别为14.1,43.3和24.8,均远远大于临界危险度值1,因此该地区为水土流失重点防治区域。通过该项研究可以为水土保持治理及规划提供科学参考,并为环境治理决策部门提供理论依据。Soil erosion risk is an important index for evaluation and prediction on risk of land resources and ecological environment which is destroyed by soil erosion,and also a basis for soil and water conservation.Radiocarbon dating method was used to examine loess deposition rate in north Shaanxi Province.And soil erosion risk in this area was assessed by the ratio of soil erosion modulus and loess deposition rate.The results indicated that the loess deposition rate in Luochuan,Yanchang,and Hengshan was 0.017 9 cm/a,0.015 3 cm/a,and 0.021 3 cm/a,respectively.The soil erosion risks were 14.1,43.3,and 24.8,individually,which were much lager than the critical value 1.Thus,the research area was an important region for soil and water conservation.This result could provide scientific references for management and programming of soil and water conservation,and theoretical basis for environmental treatment decision.

关 键 词：14C年龄 黄土沉积速率 土壤侵蚀速率 容许土壤流失量 全新世 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]